Figure 1.

(A–C) Effect of competition (competitor identity and competitor density), total plant density (low and high) and environmental conditions (water and shading) on life-cycle completion rate (number of individuals per species in the pot at the time of harvest divided by the number of sown seeds). Symbols show species mean value under interspecific competition or without it; error bars show the 95 % confidence intervals. Species abbreviations: N = I. noli-tangere, P = I. parviflora, G = I. glandulifera. Each graph shows the pair of most important variables (according to the explanatory power). Sixty seeds were sown into pots with high total plant density and 12 into pots with low total density (A).