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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Surgery. 2015 Feb 27;157(5):888–898. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.01.006

Figure 4. Production of IFN with a replication competent adenoviral system resulted in improved in vitro oncolysis and elevated levels of IFN.

Figure 4

A. Superior oncolysis of IFN-expressing replication competent vectors. HP-1 and PGHam-1 hamster pancreatic cancer cells were infected with a replicating IFN-expressing virus (RGD-ΔE3-ADP-ham-IFN), a non-replicative IFN-expressing virus (RGD-nonrep-ham-IFN), or a non-replicative luciferase virus (RGD-nonrep-Luc) at 1000 vp/cell. The percentage of living cells was determined using the MTS assay at days 4,5, and 6 following viral infection. The oncolytic effect of the replication competent IFN-expressing adenovirus was significantly better than either of the non-replicative vectors (*p<0.05).

B. Crystal violet assay demonstrates the greatest degree of cell death with replication competency and IFN expression via the RGD-ΔE3-ADP-ham-IFN virus. 1×105 cells were cultured in a 12 well plate and subsequently infected with viruses at a strength of 100 vp/cell. Crystal violet staining was performed eight days following viral inoculation.

C. Hamster pancreatic cancer cells (HP-1) were infected at 10 vp/cell, and the IFN level in the culture supernatant was determined by ELISA. At day 13 following viral inoculation and until the end of the experiment, the replicating IFN virus (RGD-ΔE3-ADP-ham-IFN) showed significantly higher IFN expression compared to its non-replicative counterpart (RGD-nonrep-ham-IFN) and the luciferase control (RGD-ΔE3-ADP-Luc) (* p<0.05).