Appendix Table 3.
Quality Results – Rural nursing homes
| Standard DID | Two-step DID | Two-step FGLS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| A. Dependent variable: pressure ulcer worsening rate | |||
| Wage pass-through | −0.00325 (0.0172) | 0.00942 (0.0230) | 0.00968 (0.0205) |
| State minimum nursing hours | −0.00319 (0.0281) | 0.00443 (0.0153) | 0.00337 (0.0138) |
| Medicaid payment rate | −0.00654 (0.00679) | −0.00686 (0.0111) | −0.00679 (0.00968) |
| Case-mix reimbursement | −0.000922 (0.0180) | 0.00787 (0.0302) | 0.00581 (0.0270) |
| AR(1) coefficient | 0.01 | ||
| No. of observations | 4,244 | 119 | 118 |
| B. Dependent variable: ADL decline rate | |||
| Wage pass-through | 0.00313 (0.0132) | −0.0139 (0.0235) | −0.0131 (0.0217) |
| State minimum nursing hours | 0.0224 (0.0220) | 0.00557 (0.0222) | 0.00478 (0.0196) |
| Medicaid payment rate | 0.00395 (0.00566) | −0.00116 (0.0121) | −0.00108 (0.0106) |
| Case-mix reimbursement | −0.00916 (0.0214) | 0.0258 (0.0406) | 0.0233 (0.0366) |
| AR(1) coefficient | −0.03 | ||
| No. of observations | 3,976 | 118 | 116 |
| C. Dependent variable: persistent pain rate | |||
| Wage pass-through | 0.00796 (0.0284) | 0.0544 (0.0697) | 0.00396 (0.0441) |
| State minimum nursing hours | 0.00100 (0.0170) | −0.0421 (0.0347) | −0.0317 (0.0222) |
| Medicaid payment rate | −0.00494 (0.0118) | 0.000348 (0.0201) | 0.000401 (0.0181) |
| Case-mix reimbursement | 0.0505 (0.0384) | 0.107 (0.103) | 0.153 (0.117) |
| AR(1) coefficient | −0.65 | ||
| No. of observations | 4,185 | 119 | 118 |
Notes: All specifications include facility and year fixed effects. All facility and market variables listed in Table 2 are included in the standard DD procedure and the first-step of the two-step procedures. Columns (1) to (3) use standard errors clustered by state and column (4) uses standard errors jack-knifed at the state level. Medicaid repayment rate is in $10 increments.
*, **, and
***
indicate significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1 % level, respectively.