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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Health Econ. 2015 Feb 19;41:133–147. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.02.002

Table 4.

Staffing Results

Standard DID Two-step DID Two-step FGLS Two-step FGLS
(1) (2) (3) (4)
A. Dependent variable: Log CNA hours
Wage pass-through 0.00734 (0.00952) 0.00693 (0.00678) 0.00962** (0.00465) 0.00962* (0.00490)
State minimum nursing hours 0.0386*** (0.00384) 0.0209** (0.00862) 0.0136*** (0.00430) 0.0136** (0.00526)
Medicaid payment rate 0.00192 (0.00233) −0.00241 (0.00544) −0.00213 (0.00346) −0.00213 (0.00391)
Case-mix reimbursement 0.00768 (0.0105) 0.0127 (0.0130) 0.0158 (0.0109) 0.0158 (0.0124)
AR(1) coefficient 0.85 0.85
No. of observations 52,136 288 288 288
B. Dependent variable: Log total nurse hours
Wage pass-through 0.00630 (0.0117) 0.00620 (0.00719) 0.00940* (0.00472) 0.00940* (0.00502)
State minimum nursing hours 0.0349*** (0.00393) 0.0189** (0.00817) 0.0123*** (0.00429) 0.0123** (0.00533)
Medicaid payment rate 0.00162 (0.00212) −0.000901 (0.00437) −0.00127 (0.00309) −0.00126 (0.00351)
Case-mix reimbursement 0.00539 (0.0100) 0.0119 (0.0121) 0.0132 (0.0104) 0.0132 (0.0119)
AR(1) coefficient 0.77 0.77
No. of observations 52,101 288 288 288

Notes: All specifications include facility and year fixed effects. All facility and market variables listed in Table 2 are included in the standard DD procedure and the first-step of the two-step procedures. Columns (1) to (3) use standard errors clustered by state and column (4) uses standard errors jack-knifed at the state level. Medicaid repayment rate is in $10 increments.

*, **, and ***

indicate significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1 % level, respectively.