Table 3.
Characteristic | All severe cases no./no. (%) | non-mBC no./no. (%) | mBC no./no. (%) | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reason for travel | |||||||
Visiting friends and relatives | 97/214 | (45) | 16/89 | (18) | 81/125 | (65) | 0.000 |
Business | 40/214 | (19) | 34/89 | (38) | 6/125 | (5) | 0.000 |
Immigration | 34/214 | (16) | 1/89 | (1) | 33/125 | (26) | 0.000 |
Vacation | 29/214 | (14) | 23/89 | (26) | 6/125 | (5) | 0.000 |
Volunteer | 20/214 | (9) | 17/89 | (19) | 3/125 | (2) | 0.000 |
Education | 9/214 | (4) | 3/89 | (3) | 6/125 | (5) | 0.608 |
Military | 0/214 | (0) | 0/89 | (0) | 0/125 | (0) | - |
Medical | 0/214 | (0) | 0/89 | (0) | 0/125 | (0) | - |
Other | 8/214 | (4) | 4/89 | (4) | 4/125 | (3) | 0.623 |
Region of travel | |||||||
Africa | 220/248 | (89) | 100/116 | (86) | 120/132 | (91) | 0.243 |
Central & South America | 10/248 | (4) | 7/116 | (6) | 3/132 | (2) | 0.133 |
Caribbean | 7/248 | (3) | 3/116 | (3) | 4/132 | (3) | 0.833 |
Asia | 9/248 | (4) | 4/116 | (3) | 5/132 | (4) | 0.887 |
Oceania | 2/248 | (1) | 2/116 | (2) | 0/132 | (0) | 0.130 |
Length of travel, days, median (range) | 31 | (4–946) | 31 | (4–536) | 35 | (5–946) | 0.599 |
Pre-travel advice obtained | 78/216 | (36) | 55/98 | (56) | 23/118 | (19) | 0.000 |
Chemoprophylaxis used | 55/239 | (23) | 35/112 | (31) | 20/127 | (16) | 0.000 |
Chemoprophylaxis appropriate | 30/55 | (55) | 20/35 | (57) | 10/20 | (50) | 0.791 |
Infection species | |||||||
P. falciparum | 229/244 | (94) | 105/114 | (92) | 124/130 | (95) | 0.287 |
P. vivax | 9/244 | (4) | 5/114 | (4) | 4/130 | (3) | 0.588 |
P. malariae | 1/244 | (0) | 1/114 | (1) | 0/130 | (0) | 0.285 |
P. ovale | 2/244 | (1) | 1/114 | (1) | 1/130 | (1) | 0.926 |
P. knowlesi | 0/244 | (0) | 0/114 | (0) | 0/130 | (0) | - |
Unknown | 10/244 | (4) | 6/114 | (5) | 4/130 | (3) | 0.390 |
Abbreviations: non-mBC not born in malaria-endemic country, mBC born in malaria-endemic country.