Table 7-1.
High Blood Pressure
| Population Group | Prevalence, 2008, Age ≥20 y |
Mortality,* 2007, All Ages |
Hospital Discharges, 2007, All Ages |
Estimated Cost, 2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Both sexes | 76 400 000 (33.5%) | 57 732 | 568 000 | $43.5 billion |
| Males | 36 500 000 (34.1%) | 24 984 (43.3%)† | 241 000 | … |
| Females | 39 900 000 (32.7%) | 32 748 (56.7%)† | 327 000 | … |
| NH white males | 33.9% | 18 179 | … | … |
| NH white females | 31.3% | 25 406 | … | … |
| NH black males | 43.0% | 6060 | … | … |
| NH black females | 45.7% | 6513 | … | … |
| Mexican American males | 27.8% | … | … | … |
| Mexican American females | 28.9% | … | … | … |
| Hispanic or Latino‡ ≥18 y | 21.5% | … | … | … |
| Asian or Pacific Islander‡ ≥18 y | 19.4% | 1323 | ||
| American Indians/Alaska Natives‡ ≥18 y | 21.8% | 251 | … | … |
Ellipses (…) indicate data not available;
NH indicates non-Hispanic.
Mortality data are for whites and blacks and include Hispanics.
These percentages represent the portion of total high blood pressure mortality that is for males versus females.
National Health Interview Survey (2009), National Center for Health Statistics; data are weighted percentages for Americans ≥18 years of age. Data derived from Pleis et al.16
Sources: Prevalence: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2008, National Center for Health Statistics) and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Percentages for racial/ethnic groups are age-adjusted for Americans ≥20 years of age. Age-specific percentages are extrapolated to the 2008 US population estimates. Mortality: National Center for Health Statistics. These data represent underlying cause of death only. Hospital discharges: National Hospital Discharge Survey, National Center for Health Statistics; data include those discharged alive, dead, or status unknown.
Cost: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data include estimated direct costs for 2007; indirect costs calculated by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute for 2007.
Hypertension is defined in terms of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey blood pressure measurements and health interviews. A subject was considered hypertensive if systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90, said “yes” to taking antihypertensive medication, or was told on 2 occasions of having hypertension.