(A) Control astrocytes (Con), astrocytes treated for 24 h with 5 μM HYS-32 (HYS), or astrocytes treated for 24 h with HYS-32 then replaced with normal culture medium for 1 to 24 h (R1 h, R2 h, R6 h, or R24 h) in the absence of HYS-32 were fixed in cold acetone and triple-stained for β-tubulin (green), N-cadherin (N-cad), and F-actin (blue). Arrowheads indicate the intercellular junctions. Double-arrows indicate the distance between microtubule tips and cell border (bars = 20 μm). (B) Quantification of the mean distances between microtubule tips and cell border. The results were collected from three independent experiments. *p<0.01 compared to control, #
p<0.01 compared to HYS using one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test.