Propionibacterium genus colocalization with lipids on person
2’s body as well as in vitro study of triolein hydrolysis by P.
acnes. (A) Topographical maps show the spatial
distribution of this genus on the female and male individual.
(B) Molecular UPLC-QTOF features spatially colocalized with
the Propionibacterium bacterial taxon are displayed as a
network, where a square node represents the Propionibacterium
taxon, circular nodes represent clusters of tightly colocalized
molecular features, and a node represents colocalization between the bacterial
taxon map and a molecular cluster map. The number of tightly colocalized
molecular features (having nearly identical spatial distributions) is shown
inside each circle. In total, 492 molecular features were spatially colocalized
with the Propionibacterium taxon. (C) The
heat map represents the RT and m/z values of colocalized LC-MS
features; most of them have an LC RT of 300–400 s and
m/z 200–400 and a region that matches many
hydrophobic molecules such as lipids. (D) Molecular networking
of molecular families that have similar distribution to the
Proprionibacteria and highlights the colocalized MS
features and structurally related molecules of the selected molecules (green
circle) found in UPLC-QTOF data. (E) In vitro analysis
considering P. acnes cultures with or without triolein as well
as blank growth media with triolein demonstrate the potential of microbiota to
be involved in transformation of large human lipids (e.g., the triacyl
glyceride triolein) into smaller lipids and fatty acids as those detected on
the skin and colocalized with Propionibacterium (here oleic
acid and oxidized oleic acid). Area under the peak calculation of oleic acid
and oxidized oleic acid was measured for RT ranges 7.5–7.8 min for
m/z 283 and 6.65–6.75 min for m/z
299. The in vitro assay was performed three times (error bars, SD) and can be
interpreted as a significant (Student t test,
**P < 0.01,
****P < 0.0001) increase of lipid
products observed in the presence of P. acnes supplemented
with triolein. See also Fig. S7.