Table 2.

Exercises standing at basic, moderate, and advanced levels in the balance training programme.

	Basic	Moderate	Advanced
Exercises standing	• Standing in a circle, chairs in between, passing (rolling) a large ball • Standing in a circle, passing around a big balloon • Standing in a line, passing a small ball, slalom • Standing in a line, passing (rolling) a large ball, slalom (supplementary material Figure 3) • Tandem stance • Standing on one leg • Standing, one balance cushion under each foot • Standing, both feet on one balance cushion • Standing on soft foam mat • Standing in pairs, facing each other, both holding a ball. One leads and the other follows when moving the ball in the air • Standing in pairs, facing each other with a ball between chests, pushing gently*	• Standing in a circle, hitting a balloon, doing a lunge when hitting • Standing in a circle, passing a ball, doing a lunge when passing ball • Standing in a circle, throwing a ball, doing a lunge when throwing (one or two balls • Standing in a circle, throwing a ball with different bases of support (feet together, tandem stance, etc.) • Standing in a circle, passing around a glass of water, one foot on balance cushion • Standing in a line, passing a small ball, slalom, with different bases of support (one foot on balance cushion, semi-tandem, etc.) • Standing in a line, passing (rolling) a large ball, slalom, with different bases of support (one foot on balance cushion, semi-tandem, etc., supplementary material Figure 3) • Standing with one hand lightly resting on back of chair for support, one foot on balance cushion, doing lunges with other leg in different directions • Standing with different bases of support (tandem stance, standing one balance cushion under each foot, both feet on one balance cushion), adding motor or cognitive task	• Adding a cognitive task (reciting or counting) to the exercises in moderate level • Standing with different bases of support (tandem stance, standing one balance cushion under each foot, both feet on one balance cushion), adding both motor and cognitive tasks

^*Exercises excluded for participants with osteoporosis.