Table 2.

Demographic characteristics of studies

Ref.	Sample		ASA	Age (yr)		BMI (kg/m2)		Abdominal operative history
				TVC	CLC	TVC	CLC	TVC	CLC
Bulian et al[23]	50	50	NSD	46.3	48.8	26.7	28.7	46	28
Bulian et al[27]	50	50	NSD	46.3	48.8	26.7	28.7	46	28
Solomon et al[28]	14	11	NA	33.5 ± 3	35.5 ± 4.1	28.8 ± 1.5	31.4 ± 2.2	0	0
Santos et al[29]	7	7	NSD	38 ± 6	34 ± 12	29 ± 5	27 ± 5	28.6	42.8
Noguera et al[24]	20	20	NSD	40.6	47.2	27.5	27.4	NA	NA
Borchert et al[30]	84	81	NSD	52.9 ± 12.6	54.7 ± 15.2	27.1 ± 4.9	27.8 ± 5.6	65.5	63
Zornig et al[31]	100	100	NA	49	50	26	26	35	54
Niu et al[32]	43	48	NA	47.2 ± 9.6	NA	21.5 ± 6.2	NA	NA	NA
Kilian et al[33]	15	20	NSD	50.7 ± 12.4	55 ± 14	25.5 ± 2.5	24.7 ± 3.2	13.3	10
Hensel et al[34]	30	30	NSD	54	56	27	28	46.7	40

TVC: Transvaginal cholecystectomy; CLC: Conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy; NA: Not availiable; NSD: No significant difference.