Table 3.
Cardiovascular risk factors in 2704 consecutive patients with cerebral infarction collected from the “Sagrat Cor Hospital of Barcelona Stroke Registry” according to the different stroke subtypes[7] n (%)
| Variables | Atherothrombotic (n = 770) | Lacunar (n = 773) | Cardioembolic (n = 763) | Undetermined cause (n = 324) | Unusual cause (n = 114) |
| Hypertension | 509 (66.1)b | 525 (71.6)b | 377 (49.4)b | 59 (18.2)b | 31 (27.2)b |
| Atrial fibrillation | 120 (15.6)b | 81 (11.1)b | 573 (75.1)b | 25 (7.7)b | 8 (7)b |
| Diabetes mellitus | 242 (31.4)b | 218 (29.7)b | 142 (18.6)d | 24 (7.4)b | 6 (5.3)b |
| Dyslipidemia | 164 (21.3)b | 166 (22.6)b | 88 (11.5)b | 52 (16)b | 10 (8.8) |
| Previous cerebral infarction | 164 (21.3)b | 117 (16) | 146 (19.1) | 31 (9.6)b | 10 (8.8)d |
| Ischemic heart disease | 150 (19.5)a | 104 (14.2) | 163 (21.4)b | 14 (4.3)b | 4 (3.5)b |
| History of transient ischemic attack | 116 (15.1)d | 80 (10.9) | 73 (9.6)a | 37 (11.4) | 11 (9.6) |
| Smoking (> 20 cigarettes/d) | 87 (11.3)a | 86 (11.7)b | 28 (3.7)b | 41 (12.7)b | 18 (6.9) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 74 (9.6) | 61 (8.3) | 62 (8.1) | 20 (6.2) | 6 (5.3) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 100 (13)d | 57 (7.8) | 50 (6.6) | 3 (0.9)d | 4 (3.5)d |
| Heart valve disease | 11 (1.4)b | 21 (2.9)b | 130 (17)b | 6 (1.9)d | 6 (5.3) |
| Congestive heart failure | 43 (5.6) | 24 (3.3)d | 72 (9.4)b | 8 (2.5)d | 1 (0.9)a |
| Obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 36 (4.7) | 47 (6.4)b | 17 (2.2)d | 13 (4) | 5 (4.4) |
| Oral anticoagulants | 18 (2.3)a | 7 (1)b | 63 (8.3)b | 2 (0.6)b | 4 (3.5) |
| Alcohol abuse (> 80 g/d) | 26 (3.4)a | 21 (2.9) | 5 (0.7)a | 10 (3.1) | 4 (3.5) |
| Chronic liver disease | 17 (2.2) | 15 (2.1) | 15 (2) | 10 (3.1) | 0 |
| Previous intracerebral hemorrhage | 9 (1.2) | 9 (1.2) | 7 (0.9) | 6 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) |
Data expressed as frequencies and percentages in parentheses.
a
P < 0.05;
b
P < 0.001;
d
P < 0.01.