Table 4.
Results of multivariate analysis: cardiovascular risk factors independently associated with the different subtypes of ischemic infarction in 2704 consecutive patients with cerebral infarction collected from the “Sagrat Cor Hospital of Barcelona Stroke Registry”[7]
| Odds ratio (95%CI) | |
| Atherothrombotic infarction | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2.28 (1.68-3.08) |
| Hypertension | 1.84 (1.53-2.2) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.66 (1.36-2.03) |
| Previous transient ischemic attack | 1.50 (1.16-1.95) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.41 (1.04-1.93) |
| Previous cerebral infarction | 1.40 (1.12-1.76) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.33 (1.06-1.68) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.36 (0.28-0.45) |
| Heart valve disease | 0.23 (0.12-0.43) |
| Lacunar infarction | |
| Hypertension | 2.64 (2.19-3.20) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.55 (1.23-1.90) |
| Obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2) | 1.50 (1.01-2.25) |
| Oral anticoagulation | 0.37 (0.16-0.82) |
| Heart valve disease | 0.22 (0.17-0.28) |
| Cardioembolic | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 20.01 (15.98-25.05) |
| Heart valve disease | 5.60 (3.60-8.71) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 2.09 (1.57-2.78) |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.69 (0.50-0.94) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.68 (0.52-0.89) |
| Hypertension | 0.67 (0.54-0.85) |
| Previous transient ischemic attack | 0.66 (0.46-0.95) |
| Smoking (> 20 cigarettes/d) | 0.54 (0.34-0.88) |
| Obesity (≥ 30 kg/m2) | 0.38 (0.20-0.73) |
| Undetermined cause | |
| Hypertension | 0.12 (0.09-0.17) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.13 (0.04-0.41) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.15 (0.10-0.23) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.21 (0.13-0.32) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 0.24 (0.13-0.42) |
| Heart valve disease | 0.34 (0.14-0.80) |
| Previous cerebral infarction | 0.61 (0.40-0.93) |
| Unusual cause | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.15 (0.07-0.32) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.17 (0.07-0.38) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 0.21 (0.08-0.58) |
| Hypertension | 0.27 (0.18-0.42) |