Table 3.

Clinically relevant microbial findings made by multiplex PCR but not by blood culture

Patient	Multiplex PCR results	Clinical diagnosis
1	Enterobacter aerogenes	Abdominal abscess.
2	Enterococcus faecalis a	Acute pyelonephritis. Grew E. faecalis in the urine.
3	Escherichia coli a	Acute pyelonephritis. Grew E. faecalis in the urine.
4	Escherichia coli a	Acute pyelonephritis. Grew E. faecalis in the urine.
5	Escherichia coli a	Acute pyelonephritis. Grew E. faecalis in the urine.
6	Escherichia coli	Acute cholecystitis. Elevated liver enzymes and positive computed tomography scan. Three months earlier, the patient had an acute cholecystitis with E. coli in blood cultures.
7	Escherichia coli	Acute pyelonephritis. Urine culture could not be obtained.
8	Escherichia coli	Abdominal abscess after appendectomy.
9	Klebsiella oxytoca	Perianal abscess.
10	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Acute pyelonephritis. Urine culture could not be obtained.
11	Staphylococcus aureus a	Infected leg ulcer. Grew S. aureus in the ulcer.
12	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	Infected chronic leg ulcer.
13	Streptococcus pneumoniae	Clinical pneumonia, confirmed by chest x-ray.
14	Streptococcus pneumoniae	Fever, respiratory distress, pulmonary fibrosis. No other diagnosis was made. Chest x-ray inconclusive for pneumonia.
15	Streptococcus spp.	Acute cholangitis. Elevated liver enzymes and positive computed tomography scan.

^aConsidered as proven aetiology since the same species were found by culture from the site of infection.