. 2012 Oct 8;6(2):e18. doi: 10.4081/oncol.2012.e18

Table 1. Adjuvant immunotherapy trials in renal cell cancer.

Author	No. patients	Stage	Treatment	Primary end point	Results
Pizzocaro et al., 2001⁴⁵	247	Robson II–III^*	IFN-α-2b	OS	No difference in RFS or OS Harmful in N0 Possibly protective in pN2–3 in terms of RFS
Clark et al., 2003⁴⁶	69	pT3b–4, pN1–3, resected M1	IL-2	DFS	No difference in DFS or OS
Messing et al., 2003⁴⁷	283	pT3–T4a, pN1–3	IFN-α	OS	No difference in OS
Passalacqua et al., 2007⁴⁸	310	pT1 over 2.5 cm, pT2–T3, pN0–3	IL-2+IFN-α	OS	No difference in RFS No difference in OS
Hinotsu et al., 2011⁴⁹	107	Stage II and III	IFN-α	PFS	No difference in PFS

IL-2, interleukin-2; IFN-α, interpheron-α; OS, overall survival; RFS, relapse free survival; DFS, disease free survival; PFS, progression free survival (intended as recurrence free survival).

According to the Robson Staging System.⁵⁰