Table 1.

Common relapse predictors

Medication resistance Female sex Residual depressive symptoms Comorbid untreated psychiatric disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, substance use disorder, or personality disorder History of unsuccessful treatment with ECT if the treatment parameter and electrode placement were optimized Highly recurrent major depressive disorder Depressive symptoms as part of a rapid cycling bipolar disorder Uncontrolled medical condition that is inducing or exacerbating the mood disorder such as untreated hypothyroidism or chronic severe pain disorder