A. Timeline of experimental design for the animal studies. LPS (15 mg/kg) or vehicle was given by intraperitoneal injection. The resveratrol was administered in two ways. In the pre-treatment group, mice received two oral doses of resveratrol: 6 h before LPS injection and 2 h after LPS injection. In the post-treatment, mice only received a single dose: 2 h after LPS injection. Mice were euthanized 20 h after LPS injection for evaluation. B. The concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1 and TNFα in plasma of different groups was measured by ELISA. C. Serum BUN and creatinine were measured to assess renal function. Groups containing 8 mice each were as follows, LPS: LPS injected group; RES: Resveratrol only group; RES + LPS: LPS + Resveratrol pre-treatment group; LPS + RES: LPS + Resveratrol post-treatment group. Data were presented as mean ± SEM. (n=8, *p<0.01 vs. Control, **p<0.01 vs. LPS, #p<0.05 vs. LPS).