Transcript and protein levels of flgS, flgR, fliA, and RpoN among mutants. (A to C) Transcript levels of flgS (A), flgR (B), and fliA (C) were quantified by qRT-PCR. Asterisks indicate significant differences from the value for the wild type (P < 0.05). (D) Immunoblot of RpoN from H. pylori wild-type and mutant cytoplasmic protein fractions. Each lane contains 20 μg protein. The immunoblot was probed with affinity-purified antibody directed against the MBP-tagged RpoN.