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An antibody-based inflammatory mediator array was used to measure changes in inflammatory mediators in the distal small intestinal smooth muscle. Changes in IL-1α (A), IL-1β (B), CINC-1 (C), and IFN-γ (D) in intestinal smooth muscle from Control, PPI, Indo, and PPI/Indo groups are shown. Means ± SE are shown; n = 4, 5, 5, and 6 in Control, PPI, Indo, and PPI/Indo groups, respectively; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001.
