Figure 2. Lorentz and thermal forces in reconfigurable metamaterial.

(a) Scanning electron microscopy image showing the metamaterial device with chevron nanowires. The white scale bar, 10 μm, the black scale bar in the inset, 1 μm. (b) Transmission T of the nanostructure as a function of wavelength λ for several displacements d. Experimental results and numerical simulations are plotted on identical scales and the wavelength used in the modulation experiments is marked by a dashed line. (c) Electro-thermal and elastic forces compete in the bimorph nanowire consisting of gold (yellow) and silicon nitride (green) when an applied voltage V leads to a temperature increase ΔT due to Joule heating. (d) Current in a magnetic field H produces a Lorentz force competing with the thermal effect.