Table 4.
Reproductive parameters and mortality of engorged female Rhipicephalus microplus collected from Tarso farm immersed for 5 minutes in recommended concentrations of formulated acaride containing one or two active ingredients.
| PARAMETER AI (BRAND NAME) FARM | NUMBER | TICK WEIGHT (MEAN +SD) (MG) | EGG MASS (MEAN +SD) (MG) | FECUNDITY (EGG+FEMALES) | FERTILITY (% HATCH) | REPRODUCTIVE INDEX (FECUNDITY X FERTILITY) | EFFICACYa | MORTALITY OF ADULTS AT 7 DAYS” |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (dH2O) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 205.5 ±49.1 | 83.8 ±40.0 | 0.40 ±0.16 | 87.8 ± 25.9 | 37.2 ± 18.8 | – | 3/38 |
| San Jeronimo | 28 | 171.9 ±50.0 | 77.6 ±39.2 | 0.44 ±0.14 | 92.0 ± 17.9 | 42.1 ± 15.1 | – | 1/28 |
|
| ||||||||
| Cypermethrin (Ganabaño®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 203.4 ± 50.0 | 86.7 ± 31.2 | 0.44 ± 0.19 | 82.6 ± 22.9 | 38.7 ± 22.9 | 0% | 3/38 |
| San Jeronimo | 31 | 175.1 ±47.8 | 83.3 ±37.8 | 0.47 ±0.16 | 90.0± 16.4 | 43.9 ±16.6 | 0% | 1/31 |
|
| ||||||||
| Amitraz (Triatox®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 206.6 ± 58.0 | 41.8 ± 47.7*** | 0.21 ±0.23*** | 53.9 ±46.6** | 16.25 ±22.8*** | 56.3% | 17/38 |
| San Jeronimo | 31 | 177.0 ± 50.6 | 74.4 ± 42.3 | 0.41 ± 0.19 | 77.9 ± 37.1 | 36.1 ± 23.6 | 14.2% | 7/31 |
|
| ||||||||
| Cypermethrin + Amitraz (Ganabano® + Triatox®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 205.1 ± 54.0 | 55.7 ± 43.5* | 0.26 ± 0.19* | 60.0 ± 40.1* | 18.6 ± 19.8*** | 50.0% | 13/38 |
| San Jeronimo | 30 | 183.5 ± 63.6 | 74.7 ± 44.4 | 0.41 ± 0.24 | 76.3 ± 36.9 | 36.9 ± 26.9 | 12.3% | 6/30 |
|
| ||||||||
| Amitraz + citronella (Citraz®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 207.1 ± 53.3 | 52.5 ±46.3* | 0.25 ±0.21* | 65.1 ±43.4 | 20.9 ±21.8** | 43.8% | 17/38 |
| San Jeronimo | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| ||||||||
| Cypermethrin + chlorpyrifos (Impacto®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 204.4 ± 50.9 | 52.8 ± 42.9* | 0.24 ± 0.17** | 54.9 ± 40.0** | 14.7 ± 18.1*** | 60.4% | 12/38 |
| San Jeronimo | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| ||||||||
| Trichlorfon (Neguvon®) | ||||||||
| Tarso | 38 | 209.7 ± 43.1 | 52.0 ± 36.1* | 0.25 ± 0.18* | 48.9 ± 38.4*** | 14.6 ± 18.25*** | 60.7% | 12/38 |
| San Jeronimo | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Notes: Efficacy is expressed as percentage (%) of IR compared to the control group.
a
Efficacy:% control = [(Σ IR control − Σ IR treated)/Σ IR control] × 100.
b
Female ticks that did not oviposit by day 7 or produced only nonviable eggs were considered dead. Significance:
*
P < 0.05;
**
P < 0.01;
***
P < 0.001 compared to control. “–” indicates data was not recorded for this comparison.