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. 2015 May 6;6:309. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00309

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Copyright © 2015 Wu, Liu, Chen, Xu, Wang, Zeng and Zhang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The observed and theoretical changes in intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) calculated using Equation (3). The three scenarios for the theoretical regulation of leaf gas exchange in response to an increasing atmospheric CO₂mole fraction (C_a) are: (i) a constant intercellular CO₂ mole fraction (C_i); (ii) a constant C_i/C_a ratio, and (iii) a constant C_a - C_i value. Values are for (A) Site A1 (2700 m a.s.l.), (B) Site A2 (2400 m a.s.l.), and (C) Site A3 (2200 m a.s.l.).