Table 1.
Published studies (excluding abstracts) designed to investigate the association between RBC transfusions and NEC
| Mally 2006 |
Holder 2009 |
Christensen 2010 |
Josephson 2010 |
El-Dib 2011 | Paul 2011 |
Blau 2011 |
Singh 2011 |
Stritzke 2012 |
Ghirardello 2012 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study Design | Case- Control |
Case- control |
Case-control | Case- control |
Case-control | Case- control |
Case- control |
Case- control |
Case-control | Case Control |
| Total NEC | 17(1.8%) | 5.8% | 112 | 93 (2.5%) | 25(3.3%) | 122 (5.3%) |
35 (14%) |
111 | 927 (1.6%) | 30 (5.5%) |
| NEC with RBC Transfusion |
6 | 7 | 47 | 14 | 92 | 24 | 144 | 4 | ||
| NEC associated with proximate RBC transfusions |
35% | NA | 35% | 38.3% | Greater percentage of NEC patients received TX within 48 hrs. (p=0.019) |
35.9% | 37.5% | Increased odds of NEC within 24 and 48 hrs |
Increased odds of NEC within 2 days OR 2.44 (1.87- 3.18) |
13.3% |
| NEC not associated with RBC transfusion |
11 | 30 | 72 | 46 | 11 | 30 | 12 | NA | 783 | 26 |
| Gestational age (weeks) Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion. |
NS | 25 vs. 28 |
27 vs. 30 | 25.9 vs. 30.7 |
NS | 26.8 vs.28.6 |
26 vs.29 | NA | 25.8 vs. 29.3 | 25 vs.33 |
| Birth weight (grams) Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
845 vs. 930 |
666 vs. 1277 |
981 vs. 1371 | 760 vs. 1415 |
NS | 969 vs. 1109 |
770 vs. 1114 |
NA | 885 vs. 1373 | 725 vs.1804 |
| Postnatal age (days) Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
32 vs. 12 | NS | 23 vs. 16 | 37 vs. 13 | 21 vs. 38(NS) | 29.5 vs. 13.9 |
30 vs.14 | NA | 20 vs. 14 | 29 vs.13 |
| Hematocrit prior to NEC Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
24 vs. 37 | NS | NA | 29.6 vs. 34.1 |
NA | NA | 26 vs. 38 |
NA | Transfusion- associated NEC correlated with decreasing hematocrit |
30.3 vs.45.1 |
| Feedings Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
NA | Full oral feeds 43% vs. 70% |
115 ml/kg/day vs. 16 ml/kg/day (24 hours prior to NEC) NEC vs. controls |
NS | NS In phase 2 of trial, policy change to make NPO during transfusion NEC decreased from 5.3% to 1.3% (p=0.047) |
NS | NS | NA | NA | NA |
| Mechanical Ventilation Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
0 vs. 45% |
86% vs.46% |
NA | 76% vs. 24% |
NS | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Age of transfused RBCS (days) Transfusion associated NEC vs. NEC not associated with transfusion |
12+/−10 vs. 6 +/− 4 |
NA | NS | 9 vs. 8 | NS | NS | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: NA = information not available; NS = data not significant; vs. = versus; NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis; RBC = red blood cell