Table 2.
Effect of wheel-running experience on kinematic and kinetic variables
| Prior Wheel-Running Experience |
||
|---|---|---|
| Variable | None | 12 wk |
| Body Mass (g) | 30.8 ± 0.7 | 29.7 ± 0.5 |
| Speed (m/min) | 16.5 ± 0.7 | 37.0 ± 2.2* |
| Heel-strike wheel angle (°) | 81.9 ± 5.2 | 77.8 ± 0.6 |
| Toe-off wheel angle (°) | 137.6 ± 3.1 | 147.2 ± 1.3 |
| Peak FN wheel angle (°) | 97.2 ± 2.4 | 100.5 ± 0.2 |
| Contact time (ms) | 195 ± 11 | 108 ± 4* |
| Duty factor | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.58 ± 0.01* |
| Peak FN (% BW) | 93.2 ± 1.2 | 115.0 ± 2.6* |
| FN loading rate (g/ms) | 0.72 ± 0.09 | 1.01 ± 0.07 |
| FN unloading rate (g/ms) | −0.24 ± 0.02 | −0.49 ± 0.04* |
| Peak FT,P (% BW) | 14.3 ± 4.8 | 15.4 ± 0.6 |
| Peak FT,B (% BW) | −12.2 ± 2.4 | −8.0 ± 0.3 |
Mean ± SE. Wheel-angle values correspond to the coordinate system (see definition in Fig. 7). FN, FT,P, and FT,B are expressed as a percentage of body weight.
*
P < 0.05 for a two-tailed Student's t-test following Bonferroni-Holm step-down adjustment for multiple comparisons.