Table 2.

Multiple Logistic Regression Models of 48–60 Month Repeated Mathematics Difficulty Using 24 Month Predictors, ECLS-B Data (Odds Ratios)

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
Cognitive Delay at 24 Months	3.64 ***	2.76 ***	2.68 ***	1.94 ***
Child’s Age at 60 month Assessment		0.79 ***	0.79 ***	0.80 ***
Child is Male		1.22	1.25 *	1.15
Lowest SES Quintile at 48 Months		12.59 ***	12.44 ***	10.08 ***
Second Lowest SES Quintile at 48 Months		6.87 ***	6.79 ***	5.55 ***
Middle SES Quintile at 48 Months		4.79 ***	4.79 ***	4.29 ***
Second Highest SES Quintile at 48 Months		2.90 **	2.90 ***	2.75 **
Mother’s Age at Birth > 35 years		0.99	0.96	0.95
Mother’s Age at Birth < 18 years		1.41	1.39	1.42
Mother Not Married at Child Birth		1.17	1.16	1.19
Black		1.12	1.10	1.23
Hispanic		1.27	1.28	1.32
Other		1.09	1.09	1.12
Child’s Birth Weight < 1500 grams			2.26 ***	1.94 ***
Child’s Birth Weight 1500 to 2500 grams			1.64 ***	1.64 ***
Labor Complications			0.85	0.85
Medical Risk Factors			0.99	0.96
Behavioral Risk Factors			1.07	1.05
Obstetric Procedures			1.01	1.02
Congenital Anomalies			0.81	0.77
Low Word Score at 24 Months				1.50 **
Low Approaches to Learning at 24 Months				1.31
IEP/IFSP at 48 Months				2.32 **
Head Start at 48 Months				0.60 **
Center Based Care at 48 Months				0.49 ***

Note: N=5,950.

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < 0.01;

^***p < 0.001.

Population rounded in accordance with IES security restrictions. 25.9% lowest = Low Word Score; 22% lowest = Low Approaches to Learning; 25% lowest = Low Bayley. Multiple imputation used, regression weighted, and complex sample design used. PMD= 15.6%