TABLE 2.
Weighted Mean Costs (U.S. Dollars) by Age of Hospitalizations with a Congenital Heart Defect, Kids’ Inpatient Database, 2009
| All Ages
|
<1year old
|
1–10 years old
|
11–20 years old
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (U.S. $) (SEa) | pb | Mean (U.S. $) (SEa) | pb | Mean (U.S. $) (SEa) | pb | Mean (U.S. $) (SEa) | pb | |
| Any congenital heart defect | 34,246 (932) | 36,601 (1,103) | 25,498 (1,079) | 23,961 (873) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Critical congenital heart defect | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| No | 30,352 (753) | <0.001 | 32,352 (898) | < 0.001 | 20,521 (787) | < 0.001 | 22,066 (804) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
| Yes | 52,899 (1,990) | 61,990 (2,416) | 37,032 (1,927) | 29,622 (1,567) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Female | 33,196 (931) | <0.001 | 35,449 (1,114) | < 0.001 | 25,393 (1,074) | 0.79 | 21,850 (965) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
| Male | 35,200 (970) | 37,645 (1,133) | 25,624 (1,239) | 25,883 (1,113) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Expected payer | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Public | 34,773 (1,102) | 37,291 (1,319) | 23,968 (1,002) | 22,925 (1,011) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Private | 31,308 (1,210) | <0.001 | 32,520 (1,330) | < 0.001 | 26,794 (1,794) | 0.11 | 25,452 (1,222) | 0.08 |
|
| ||||||||
| Otherc | 31,090 (2,015) | 32,517 (2,467) | 29,588 (2,342) | 21,495 (1,722) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Mixed | 40,467 (2,105) | 45,868 (2,778) | 25,712 (1,575) | 24,068 (1,778) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Race | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 33,094 (1,080) | 35,554 (1,262) | 24,971 (1,424) | 24,223 (1,179) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 36,019 (1,383) | <0.001 | 38,246 (1,597) | < 0.01 | 25,860 (1,530) | 0.32 | 22,387 (1,729) | 0.60 |
|
| ||||||||
| Hispanic | 32,455 (1,540) | 33,909 (1,874) | 26,921 (1,495) | 23,907 (1,386) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Other | 37,345 (1,583) | 39,572 (1,862) | 27,351 (1,456) | 26,893 (2,809) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Median household income by patient zip code | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| <=39,999 | 35,336 (1,260) | 37,999 (1,507) | 24,469 (1,204) | 21,617 (1,152) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| 40,000–49,999 | 34,576 (1,043) | 0.39 | 37,075 (1,259) | 0.31 | 25,221 (1,084) | 0.57 | 24,314 (1,162) | 0.01 |
|
| ||||||||
| 50,000–65,999 | 33,560 (953) | 35,858 (1,163) | 25,609 (1,114) | 23,280 (1,119) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| >= 66,000 | 33,109 (1,265) | 34,886 (1,480) | 26,585 (1,738) | 27,204 (1,573) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Discharge disposition | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Routined | 28,796 (916) | 30,595 (1,091) | 22,907 (930) | 21,957 (833) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Died | 97,720 (4,273) | <0.001 | 96,655 (4,379) | < 0.001 | 123,321 (12,542) | < 0.001 | 84,997 (11,507) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
| Otherd | 52,632 (1,740) | 54,015 (1,867) | 43,225 (3,121) | 36,961 (3,117) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Proceduree | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| No procedure | 5,964 (267) | 5,994 (336) | 5,765 (189) | 6,178 (276) | ||||
|
| ||||||||
| Minor procedure | 30,825 (821) | <0.001 | 32,184 (919) | < 0.001 | 21,240 (962) | < 0.001 | 18,416 (911) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||
| Major procedure | 58,046 (1,478) | 65,256 (1,895) | 40,084 (1,687) | 37,353 (1,354) | ||||
a
SE: Standard error.
b
p-value for difference between means; t-test, or ANOVA test.
c
Other includes self-pay, no charge, other.
d
Routine: all hospitalizations discharged to home, self-care, or court/law enforcement; Other: all transfers, discharged to home health care, against medical advice, and alive but destination unknown.
e
No procedure: no procedure indicated on discharge summary; Minor procedure: non-operating room diagnostic or therapeutic procedure indicated on discharge summary; Major procedure: operating room diagnostic or therapeutic procedure indicated on discharge summary.