Table 1.
Subject characteristic | Analyzed population (N = 3356) | Population according to MVPA activity time 4 | Bivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean (SD) or % | Mean (SD) or N (%) doing | Mean (SD) or N (%) doing | MVPA (h/week) and 7 | |
<7 h/week MVPA 5 | ≥7 h/week MVPA 6 | ||||
(N = 1030) | (N = 2326) | ||||
Age | 3356 | 10.08 (0.23) | 10.09 (0.25) | 10.08 (0.22) | t = 0.93, p = 0.35 (TT) |
Gender | χ 2 = 0.78, p = 0.38 (PT) | ||||
Boys | 1723 | 51.34 | 517 (50.19) | 1206 (51.85) | |
Girls | 1633 | 48.66 | 513 (49.81) | 1120 (48.15) | |
BMI categories 1 | χ 2 = 10.22, p = 0.07 (PT) | ||||
Severely underweight (< P3) | 89 | 2.65 | 22 (2.14) | 67 (2.88) | |
Underweight (P3 to < P10) | 212 | 6.32 | 60 (5.83) | 152 (6.53) | |
Normal weight (P10 to P90) | 2674 | 79.68 | 850 (82.52) | 1824 (78.42) | |
Overweight, not obese (> P90 to P97) | 194 | 5.78 | 45 (4.37) | 149 (6.41) | |
Obese (> P97) | 60 | 1.79 | 20 (1.94) | 40 (1.72) | |
Missing | 127 | 3.78 | 33 (3.20) | 94 (4.04) | |
Education level of parents 2 | χ 2 = 0.08, p = 0.96 (PT) | ||||
Low (<10 years) | 174 | 5.18 | 52 (5.05) | 122 (5.25) | |
Medium (=10 years) | 897 | 26.73 | 274 (26.60) | 623 (26.78) | |
High (>10 years) | 2285 | 68.09 | 704 (68.35) | 1581 (67.97) | |
Relative income position 3 | χ 2 = 2.80, p = 0.25 (PT) | ||||
≤60% of median income | 539 | 16.06 | 151 (14.66) | 388 (16.68) | |
>60 and ≤ 100% of median income | 1191 | 35.49 | 362 (35.15) | 829 (35.64) | |
>100% of median income | 1626 | 48.45 | 517 (50.19) | 1109 (47.68) | |
Single parenthood | χ 2 = 10.34, p = 0.01 (PT) | ||||
Yes | 334 | 9.95 | 124 (12.04) | 210 (9.03) | |
No | 2965 | 88.35 | 895 (86.89) | 2070 (88.99) | |
Missing | 57 | 1.70 | 11 (1.07) | 46 (1.98) | |
Study region | χ 2 = 24.68, p < 0.0001 (PT) | ||||
Munich | 1717 | 51.16 | 551 (53.49) | 1166 (50.13) | |
Leipzig | 354 | 10.55 | 132 (12.82) | 222 (9.54) | |
Bad Honnef | 185 | 5.51 | 66 (6.41) | 119 (5.12) | |
Wesel | 1100 | 32.78 | 281 (27.28) | 819 (35.21) |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; h: hours; N: number of observations; P: percentile; %: percentage; PT: Pearson chi-square test; SD: standard deviation.
TT: t-test for independent samples.
1BMI categories according to Kromeyer-Hauschild et al. 2001 [28].
2Maximum completed school years of either of the parents; 3categorized relatively to the median equivalence income of the year 2007 (1521 EUR/month) [24].
4MVPA: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (year average, dichotomized according to WHO recommendations ≥ 60 min/day MVPA) [2].
5WHO recommendations not met; 6WHO recommendations met.
7Bivariate analysis of the variable MVPA with each single covariate (age, gender, BMI, education, income, single parenthood, study region).