FIGURE 1.

Flowchart of the experimental procedure. The experimenter met a participant outside the experimental room and then they entered it together. The experimenter did not talk with the participant during this time. The participant was asked to conduct the task alone in accordance with a script that described the experimental procedure. And the experimenter demonstrated how to use the automatic sphygmomanometer and do the single-digit addition task. After providing participants with instruction, the experimenter left the experimental room. The participant conducted the addition task for the baseline. After the baseline session, the participants measured their arousal level using the automatic sphygmomanometer and by self-reports. Then, they spent 3 min in any one of the five conditions (see Methods), which were assigned at random by the experimenter. Before the test session, the participants measured their arousal levels. Then, they calculated the addition task as a test. Finally, participants measured their arousal levels again.