TABLE 1.
The amount of change in arousal levels.
| SBP (mmHg) | Heart rate (bpm) | Self-report | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | –4.23 (–1.59) | –0.23 (1.64) | –1.14 (0.22) |
| Observed | –2.18 (1.94) | 0.41 (1.11) | –0.64 (0.15) |
| Greeting | –4.91 (3.03) | –0.73 (0.81) | –0.59 (0.19) |
| Exercise | 12.91** (1.59) | 11.36** (2.28) | 1.05** (0.25) |
| Observed with exercise | 15.00** (2.51) | 11.32** (2.64) | 0.36** (0.31) |
Averaged differences in SBP, HR, and self-reports between the baseline results and after manipulation in each condition. The numbers in brackets indicate the standard error of the mean in each condition. Post hoc t-test with Tukey’s correction revealed a significant difference between observed-with-exercise condition and all other conditions except the exercise condition, and between the exercise condition and all other conditions except the observed-with-exercise condition. **p < 0.01.