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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 7.
Published in final edited form as: JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Mar;174(3):324–333. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13656

Table 1.

Cognitive Primary and Secondary Outcomes of the BP and Lipid Trials

End Pointa Time BP Trial, Adjusted Mean (95% CI) Lipid Trial, Adjusted Mean (95% CI)
INT Intervention STD Intervention Difference in
Means		 P
Valueb 		Fenofibratec Placeboc Difference in
Means		 P
Valueb
DSSTd Baselinee 52.28 52.28 52.79 52.79
20 mo 50.94 (50.36 to 51.53) 51.00 (50.41 to 51.60) −0.06 (−0.90 to 0.78) .89 51.39 (50.82 to 51.97) 51.59 (51.00 to 52.18) −0.20 (−1.02 to 0.63) .64
40 mo 50.42 (49.82 to 51.01) 50.67 (50.07 to 51.28) −0.26 (−1.11 to 0.59) .55c 50.94 (50.35 to 51.53) 51.02 (50.42 to 51.62) −0.08 (−0.92 to 0.76) .85c
40-mo change −1.86 (−2.46 to −1.27) −1.61 (−2.21 to −1.00) −1.85 (−2.44 to −1.26) −1.77 (−2.37 to −1.17)
RAVLTf Baselinee 7.51 7.51 7.51 7.51
20 mo 7.77 (7.64 to 7.91) 7.89 (7.75 to 8.02) −0.12 (−0.31 to 0.08) .23 7.91 (7.78 to 8.04) 7.86 (7.73 to 7.99) 0.05 (−0.13 to 0.23) .58
40 mo 7.98 (7.85 to 8.12) 8.04 (7.89 to 8.18) −0.05 (−0.26 to 0.15) .58 7.98 (7.86 to 8.11) 7.94 (7.80 to 8.07) 0.05 (−0.14 to 0.23) .61
40-mo change 0.47 (0.34 to 0.61) 0.53 (0.39 to 0.67) 0.47 (0.35 to 0.60) 0.43 (0.29 to 0.56)
Stroopg Baselinee 32.60 32.60 31.46 31.46
20 mo 31.50 (30.51 to 32.48) 31.35 (30.35 to 32.36) 0.15 (−1.26 to 1.55) .84 31.18 (30.20 to 32.16) 30.69 (29.70 to 31.68) 0.48 (−0.91 to 1.88) .50
40 mo 31.10 (30.08 to 32.12) 32.14 (31.09 to 33.19) −1.04 (−2.51 to 0.42) .16 31.62 (30.63 to 32.62) 32.21 (31.19 to 33.22) −0.59 (−2.01 to 0.84) .42
40-mo change −1.50 (−2.52 to −0.48) −0.46 (−1.51 to 0.59) 0.16 (−0.83 to 1.16) 0.75 (−0.27 to 1.76)
MMSEh Baselinee 27.25 27.25 27.53 27.53
20 mo 27.06 (26.89 to 27.23) 27.17 (27.00 to 27.35) −0.11 (−0.35 to 0.13) .35 27.35 (27.18 to 27.52) 27.47 (27.30 to 27.64) −0.12 (−0.36 to 0.11) .31
40 mo 27.00 (26.83 to 27.17) 26.95 (26.77 to 27.11) 0.05 (−0.20 to 0.29) .70 27.17 (27.00 to 27.34) 27.10 (26.93 to 27.27) 0.07 (−0.17 to 0.31) .58
40-mo change −0.25 (−0.42 to −0.08) −0.30 (−0.48 to −0.13) −0.36 (−0.53 to −0.19) −0.43 (−0.60 to −0.26)

Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; DSST, Digit Symbol Substitution Test; INT, intensive; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; RAVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; STD, standard.

a

For the DSST, RAVLT, and MMSE, higher values indicate better cognition; a negative change value, a decline in cognitive score. For the Stroop test, lower values indicate better cognition and a positive change value represents a decline in cognitive score.

b

Calculated as tests of differences between intervention group means at each follow-up visit, adjusted for the baseline level of the outcome. The P value for a comparison of the 40-month change between intervention groups is left blank because, when controlling for the baseline level, it will be identical to that provided for the comparison between means at the 40-month visit.

c

Calculated as result of test of prespecified primary outcome.

d

Indicates number of correct cells (possible range, 0–90).

e

Baseline mean indicates the overall mean for both groups combined as measured before randomization. This value is used to obtain the adjusted mean estimates at follow-up.

f

Indicates the total number of words recalled (possible range, 0–15).

g

Measured as the interference score.

h

Possible range, 0 to 30.