Table 4.

Estimated annual UK hospital care costs of chronic kidney disease patients by stage of chronic kidney disease and presence of cardiovascular complications

Annual hospital care costs (£, 95% CI) in the absence of diabetes and cardiovascular complications
In CKD stage 1-3B1	£403 (345–462)
In CKD stage 4	£393 (343–444)
In CKD stage 5	£525 (449–602)
On functioning kidney transplant from the current annual period	£24,602 (24,027-25,178)
On functioning kidney transplant from an earlier annual period	£1,148 (978–1,318)
On maintenance dialysis initiated in the current annual period2	£18,986 (18,620-19,352)
On maintenance dialysis initiated in an earlier annual period2	£23,326 (23,231-23,421)
Additional annual hospital care costs associated with diabetes, cardiovascular complications and death (£, 95% CI)
With prior diabetes3	£171 (54–288)
Died from vascular cause in the current annual period	£1,137 (469–1,804)
Died from non-vascular cause in the current annual period	£1,391 (1,020-1,763)
Experienced non-fatal MVE during the current annual period, not on maintenance dialysis	£4,350 (3,819-4,880)
Experienced non-fatal MVE during the current annual period; on maintenance dialysis	£6,133 (5,608-6,658)
Latest non-fatal MVE experienced in the preceding annual period	£738 (351–1,126)
Other vascular disease (defined as with vascular disease at baseline or experienced latest non-fatal MVE two or more years previously)	£172 (57–286)

CKD = chronic kidney disease; MVE = major vascular events; CI = confidence interval.

¹Predominantly CKD stage 3B (eGFR ≥30 to <45 ml/min/1.73m²).

²Annual costs associated with maintenance dialysis are reduced by £8,802 (8,172-9,432) in years of death.

³Defined at baseline.