Figure 3.

Effects of enzymatic treatments on the degree of cell disintegration. (a) The treatments performed at the optimum temperatures of the enzymes (cellulase 50 °C, papain 40 °C, respectively), with cell concentration 4 g/L and pH 6.5; (b) The quantity of cellulase was 5% (w/w), papain 3% (w/w) and neutral protease 3% (w/w), with cell concentration 4 g/L; (c) In pattern 1, 2% (w/w) papain and 3% (w/w) cellulase were combined; in pattern 2, 3% (w/w) cellulase acted for 3 h and 2% (w/w) papain followed, acting for 2 h; in pattern 3, the lyses was performed by 2% (w/w) papain for 2 h and then by 3% (w/w) cellulase for 3 h, with the cell concentration 20 g/L; (d) Treated by 2% (w/w) papain for 2 h and by 3% (w/w) cellulase for 3 h.