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. 2015 Apr 17;16(4):8635–8654. doi: 10.3390/ijms16048635

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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IL-1ra significantly attenuated induction of proinflammatory cytokines in the SN of P70 rat brain following LPS exposure. IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα concentrations were determined by ELISA, as described in the Methods section. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM of six animals in the unit of pg/mg protein in each group, and analyzed by two-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05 represents significant difference for the LPS group as compared with the saline group. # p < 0.05 represents significant difference for the LPS+IL-1ra group as compared with the LPS group.