Table 3.
Survival of microencapsulated Bifidobacterium longum with Eleutherine americana in pineapple juice during sequential incubation in simulated human gastric and intestinal juices and refrigeration storage.
| Microencapsulation | Time | Plate Count (log10 CFU/g) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Day) | Pre-Gastric Juice | Post-Gastric Juice | Post-Intestinal Juice | Refrigeration Storage | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-E. americana extract | 0 | 9.55 ± 0.15 aA | 9.45 ± 0.12 aA | 9.35 ± 0.08 aA | 9.38 ± 0.14 a |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-oligosaccharides extract | 9.42 ± 0.10 aA | 9.32 ± 0.16 aA | 9.46 ± 0.17 aA | 9.50 ± 0.12 a | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-commercial fructo-oligosaccharides | 9.30 ± 0.07 aA | 9.51 ± 0.09 aA | 9.26 ± 0.26 aA | 9.47 ± 0.14 a | |
| Non-encapsulated cells: free cells | 9.34 ± 0.04 aA | 9.42 ± 0.08 aA | 9.37 ± 0.09 aA | 9.39 ± 0.16 a | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-E. americana extract | 15 | 8.20 ± 0.12 bA | 7.41 ± 0.15 cB | 7.30 ± 0.08 cB | 8.35 ± 0.12 b |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-oligosaccharides extract | 9.15 ± 0.07 aA | 8.34 ± 0.04 bB | 8.39 ± 0.13 bB | 9.41 ± 0.05 a | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-commercial fructo-oligosaccharides | 8.12 ± 0.13 bA | 7.12 ± 0.06 cB | 7.42 ± 0.11 cB | 8.26 ± 0.16 b | |
| Non-encapsulated cells: free cells | 3.59 ± 0.04 dA | 2.65 ± 0.11 eB | 2.32 ± 0.04 eB | 3.42 ± 0.10 d | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-E. americana extract | 30 | 8.25 ± 0.06 bA | 7.35 ± 0.14 cB | 7.25 ± 0.06 cB | 8.43 ± 0.12 b |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-oligosaccharides extract | 9.14 ± 0.10 aA | 8.24 ± 0.13 bB | 8.24 ± 0.07 bB | 9.34 ± 0.10 a | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-commercial fructo-oligosaccharides | 8.21 ± 0.09 bA | 7.18 ± 0.04 cB | 7.15 ± 0.06 cB | 8.26 ± 0.08 b | |
| Non-encapsulated cells: free cells | 0.00 ± 0.00 eA | 0.00 ± 0.00 fA | 0.00 ± 0.00 fA | 0.00 ± 0.00 e | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-E. americana extract | 45 | 7.21 ± 0.07 cA | 6.37 ± 0.11 dB | 6.34 ± 0.06 dB | 7.20 ± 0.11 c |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-oligosaccharides extract | 8.23 ± 0.13 bA | 7.24 ± 0.05 cB | 7.25 ± 0.09 cB | 8.28 ± 0.09 b | |
| Co-encapsulated cells: alginate-commercial fructo-oligosaccharides | 7.32 ± 0.10 cA | 6.15 ± 0.11 dB | 6.23 ± 0.10 dB | 7.34 ± 0.15 c | |
| Non-encapsulated cells: free cells | 0.00 ± 0.00 eA | 0.00 ± 0.00 fA | 0.00 ± 0.00 fA | 0.00 ± 0.00 e | |
Values are means ± standard deviation from duplicate determinations; Different superscript uppercase letters (A,B) in the same row are significantly different among gastrointestinal conditions (p < 0.05); Different superscript lowercase letters (a–f) in the same column are significantly different among co-encapsulating agents (p < 0.05).