Figure 5. CD103⁺ T_RM have a lower proliferative capacity but increased effector function.

Skin explants were injected with PBS, stimulatory anti-CD3and anti-CD28 antibodies (αCD3), or heat killed extracts of C. albicans and S. aureus. Two weeks later, T cells that had migrated out of the skin were collected and the proliferation of CD4⁺ T_RM (A) and CD8⁺ T_RM (C) were assayed by staining for Ki-67 and flow cytometry analysis. TNFα production was assayed by intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry analysis after stimulation with PMA and ionomycin. Results for CD4⁺ T_RM (B) and CD8⁺ T_RM (D) are shown. Results are shown for CD69⁺/CD103⁺ (CD103⁺ T_RM), and CD69⁺/CD103⁻ (CD103⁻ T_RM) The mean and SEM of three donors (PBS) and six donors (all other conditions) are shown (test:T-test).