Table 11.

Mean vital signs measurements (heart rate) before and after application of both transferosomal and free papaverine hydrochloride gel

Patient groups	Heart rate (beats/minute)
	TPH gel				FPH gel
	Before application	After application	Percent decrease (%)	P-value	Before application	After application	Percent decrease (%)	P-value
Normal patient	87±12.86	75±3.06	13	Not significant	75±3	71±6.11	5	Not significant
Hypertensive patient	82±13.8	69±15.59	15.5	Not significant	89±3.61	75±5	16	Not significant
Diabetic patient	107±0.71	94±2.12	12	Not significant	100±5	89±3.61	11	Not significant

Note: The values were the means ± standard deviation from three parallel measurements.

Abbreviations: TPH, transferosomal papaverine hydrochloride; FPH, free papaverine hydrochloride.