Table 1.
Biocontrol agents of bacterial and fungal pomefruit tree pathogens and diseases
| Microbial biocontrol agent | Disease | References |
|---|---|---|
| Agrobacterium radiobacter | Crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) | Vicedo et al. (1993) |
| Acremonium breve | Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) | Janisiewicz (1988) |
| Aureobasidium pullulans | Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Ippolito et al. (2000); Castoria et al. (2001) |
| Blue mold (Penicillium expansum) | Ippolito et al. (2000); Castoria et al. (2001) | |
| Bacillus subtilis | Fireblight (Erwinia amylovora) | Broggini et al. (2005) |
| Apple ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) | Liu et al. (2009) | |
| Phytophthora cactorum | Utkhede et al. (2001) | |
| Bacillus pumilus | Apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) | Kucheryava et al. (1999) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Mari et al. (1996) | |
| Bacillus licheniformis | Gray mold (Botrytis mali) | Jamalizadeh et al. (2008) |
| Burkholderia cepacia | Blue mold (P. expansum) | Janisiewicz and Roitman (1988) |
| Mucor rot (Mucor piriformis) | Janisiewicz and Roitman (1988) | |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Janisiewicz and Roitman (1988) | |
| Candida guilliermondii | Blue mold (P. expansum) Gray mold (B. cinerea) |
McLaughlin et al. (1990) McLaughlin et al. (1992) |
| Candida oleophila | Penicillium rot (P. expansum) | El-Neshawy and Wilson (1997) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Mercier and Wilson (1994) | |
| Candida sake | Penicillium rot (P. expansum) | Viñas et al. (1996) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Viñas et al. (1998) | |
| Rhizopus rot (Rhizopus nigricans) | Viñas et al. (1998) | |
| Candida saitoana | Apple fruit decay (P. expansum; B. cinerea) | El Ghaouth et al. (2000) |
| Cryptococcus albidus | Mucor rot (M. piriformis) | Roberts (1990) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Fan and Tian (2001) | |
| Blue mold (P. expansum) | Chand-Goyal and Spotts (1996); Calvo et al. (2003) | |
| Cryptococcus flavus | Mucor rot (M. piriformis) | Roberts (1990) |
| Cryptococcus humicola | Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Filonow et al.(1996) |
| Cryptococcus laurentii | Bitter rot (Glomerella cingulata) | Blum et al. (2004) |
| Mucor rot (M. piriformis) | Roberts (1990) | |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Zhang et al. (2005); Chand-Goyal and Spotts (1997) | |
| Blue mold (P. expansum) | Zhang et al. (2003) | |
| Kloeckera apiculata | Gray mold (B. cinerea) | McLaughlin et al. (1992) |
| Metschnikowia pulcherrima | Blue mold (P. expansum) | Spadaro et al. (2002) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Spadaro et al. (2002) | |
| Pantoea agglomerans | Fireblight (E. amylovora) | Wilson et al. (1992) |
| Penicillium rot (P. expansum) | Nunes et al. (2002); Francés et al. (2006) | |
| Phytophthora cactorum | Utkhede and Smith (1997) | |
| Rhizopus rot (R. nigricans) | Nunes et al. (2001) | |
| Pseudomonas fluorescens | Fireblight (E. amylovora) | Wilson and Lindow (1993); Cabrefiga et al. (2007) |
| Gray mold (Botrytis spp.) | Mikani et al. (2008) | |
| Pseudomonas syringae | Blue mold (P. expansum) | Janisiewicz (1987); Zhou et al. (2001) |
| Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Zhou et al. (2001) | |
| Rahnella aquatilis | Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Calvo et al. (2007) |
| Blue mold (P. expansum) | Calvo et al. (2007) | |
| Reoviridae (W370dsRNA) | Rosellinia necatrix | Kanematsu et al. (2004) |
| Rhodotorula glutinis | Apple fruit decay (P. expansum; B. cinerea) | Zhang et al. (2009) |
| Trichoderma harzianum | Gray mold (B. cinerea) | Batta, (2004) |
| Trichoderma spp | P. cactorum | Smith et al. (1990) |
| Armillaria rot (Armillaria mellea) | Elkins et al. (1998) |