Table 16.
Vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.
| Vaccine | Vector | Dose | Vaccination ages | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingelvac RespPRRS/Repro™ (Boehringer-lngelheim, UK) |
Modified live virus | 2 ml im. | 3 weeks and nonpregnant females | US$57.99/50 doses (US$1.16/dose) |
| Suvaxyn® PRSS (Fort Dodge, KS, USA) |
European-type modified live virus |
2 ml im. | 4 weeks | Unknown |
| Progressis (Merial Animal Health Ltd, UK) |
Inactivated virus with oil excipient |
Two 2-ml doses im. at 3–4-week intervals with revaccination within 60–70 days |
2–3 weeks | Unknown |
| Porcilis® PRRS (Schering-Plough, NJ, USA) |
Attenuated live European strain with Diluvac Forte adjuvant |
Two 2-ml doses im. | 2 weeks | US$16.64/25 doses (US$0.66/dose) |
| DNA vaccine (Hou et al. 2008) |
Plasmid coexpressing GP5 gene of PRRSV and swine ubiquitin |
Three 500-µg doses im. at 3-week intervals |
30 days | Unknown |
| DNA vaccine (Xue et al. 2004) |
Plasmid coexpressing PRRSV ORF5, ORF7 genes and porcine IL-2 or IFN-γ |
Four 500-µg doses im. at 2-week intervals |
30 days | Unknown |
| DNA vaccine (Jiang et al. 2006) |
Plasmid coexpressing GP5 and M gene of PRRSV |
Two doses of 100 µg im. 4 weeks apart |
3 weeks | Unknown |
| Immunity | Contraindication | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Vaccination of infected animals: reduced duration of viral shedding, but no reduction of viral load in tissues no change in proportion of persistently infected pigs |
Boars should not be vaccinated. Not recommended for use in naive herds. Duration of protection is ~4 months |
[116] |
| Reduced preweaning mortality of piglets but no prevention of clinical signs or viremia |
None | [117] |
| Induction of PRRSV-specific antibodies Reduction of the reproductive disorders and of the number of early farrowings still-births |
None | |
| Reduced morbidity in fattening pigs, improvement of reproductive performance and reduced transplacental virus transmission in breeding pigs |
Pregnant sows should only be vaccinatedafter previous exposure to European PRRSV |
|
| Enhanced T-cell proliferation No neutralizing antibodies Lower viral replication and distribution in tissues Lack of lesions in 4/6 vaccinated pigs. |
Unknown | [59] |
| Reduced viral replication Absence of lesions in 2/3 pigs vaccinated with ORF5/IFN-γ, 1/3 vaccinated with ORF5/IL-2 and 1/3 vaccinated with ORF7/IL-2 |
Unknown | [115] |
| Neutralizing antibodies within 10 weeks. Enhanced splenocyte proliferation activity |
Unknown | [116] |
PRRSV: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; im.: Intramuscular; ORF: Open-reading frame.