Table 3.

Maternal and paternal region of birth by Asperger’s syndrome in cases and controls

	Cases		Controls		OR (95 % CI)	p	Adjusteda OR (95 % CI)	p
	n	%	n	%
Mothers
Finnish	1,752	98.5	6,883	97.0	Ref.
Western countries	8	0.5	37	0.5	0.9 (0.4–1.8)	0.70	0.9 (0.4–2.0)	0.79
Former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia	8	0.5	55	0.8	0.6 (0.3–1.2)	0.14	0.6 (0.3–1.3)	0.18
Sub-Saharan Africa	1	0.1	71	1.0	0.1 (0.01–0.4)	0.003	0.1 (0.01–0.5)	0.01
North Africa, Middle East	1	0.1	18	0.3	0.2 (0.03–1.6)	0.14	0.3 (0.03–1.9)	0.19
Asia	8	0.5	35	0.5	0.9 (0.4–1.9)	0.74	0.9 (0.4–2.0)	0.83
Fathers
Finnish	1,739	97.9	6,836	96.3	Ref.
Western countries	20	1.1	71	1.0	1.1 (0.7–1.8)	0.67	1.0 (0.6–1.7)	0.94
Former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia	4	0.2	27	0.4	0.6 (0.2–1.6)	0.28	0.6 (0.2–1.6)	0.27
Sub-Saharan Africa	3	0.1	91	1.3	0.1 (0.04–0.4)	<0.001	0.2 (0.05–0.5)	0.001
North Africa, Middle East	8	0.5	47	0.7	0.7 (0.3–1.4)	0.29	0.7 (0.3–1.4)	0.22
Asia	2	0.1	25	0.4	0.3 (0.1–1.3)	0.11	0.3 (0.1–1.3)	0.10

OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval

^aAdjusted for maternal age, maternal smoking and parity