Table 1.
Reported case series of hepatic tuberculosis
| Author | Year | Location | Total (N) | Male (%) | Age (Mean) | Miliary (%) | Local (%) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hersch [32] | 1964 | South Africa | 200 | 58 | 33 | 90 | 10 | Primarily diagnosed at autopsy |
| Alvarez & Carpio [29] | 1983 | Philippines | 130 | 66 | 11-50# | - | - | Two groups: w/ and w/o jaundice |
| Essop et al. [18] | 1984 | South Africa | 96 | - | 20-70# | 90 | 10 | +/− prognostic groups |
| Maharaj et al. [20] | 1987 | South Africa | 41 | 59 | 45 | - | - | 22-month prospective study |
| Chien et al. [2] | 1994 | Taiwan | 22 | 50 | 48 | 77 | 23 | Comparison of miliary and local forms |
| Kok et al. [44] | 1999 | Brunei | 5 | 80 | 41 | 0 | 100 | Brief cases and literature review |
| Huang et al. [49] | 2003 | Taiwan | 5 | 60 | 60 | 0 | 100 | Retrospective PCR analysis |
| Vilaichone et al. [45] | 2004 | Thailand | 20 | 85 | 35 | - | - | 10 HIV+, 2 SLE, 8 immunocompetent |
| Yu et al. [60] | 2004 | China | 12 | 58 | 38 | 33 | 67 | CT, MRI, US findings |
| Desai et al. [14] | 2006 | India | 7 | 86 | 2-65# | 0 | 100 | 2-year retrospective; 1 HIV+ |
| Amarapurkar et al. [76] | 2008 | India | 38 | 71 | 38 | 39 | 61 | Study excluded patients with HIV |
| Tai et al. [19] | 2008 | Taiwan | 10 | 50 | 53 | 60 | 40 | 15-year retrospective study |
| Hwang et al. [50] | 2009 | South Korea | 12 | 75 | 48 | 67 | 33 | 3 immunocompromised (HIV-) |
| Gounder et al. [30] | 2012 | South Africa | 20 | 30 | 34 | 100 | 0 | All HIV+ |
PCR = Polymerase chain reaction; HIV = Human immunodeficiency virus; SLE = Systemic lupus erythematosus; CT = Computerized tomography; MRI = Magnetic resonance imaging; US = Ultrasound.
#Approximate majority age range.