Table 1.
Primers used to detect Babesia and other tick-borne pathogens by PCR
| Pathogen | PCR principle | Gene target | Primer name | Primer sequence | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Babesia spp. | PCR and sequencing | 18S rRNA gene | BJ1 | 5′-GTCTTGTAATTGGAATGATGG-3′ | [21] |
| BN2 | 5′-TAGTTTATGGTTAGGACTACG-3′ | ||||
| Bartonella henselae | Riboflavin synthase gene | BartF | 5′-ACGGATATCGGTTGTGTTGAGGA-3′ | Present study (modified from [22]) | |
| PBH-R2 | 5′-AGGTATAAAACGCTTTGGTACTTGTAGG-3′ | ||||
| Bartonella quintana | Riboflavin synthase gene | BartF | 5′-ACGGATATCGGTTGTGTTGAGGA-3′ | Present study | |
| PBQR | 5′-TTACAATAAAGGGCGTGATGAATTTTGTT-3′ | ||||
| Borrelia burgdorferi | Nested PCR | Flagellin gene | Outer1 | 5′-AATGAATTGGCAGTTCAATC-3′ | [23,24] |
| Outer2 | 5′-GCATTTTCWATTTTAGCAAGTGATG-3′ | ||||
| Inner1 | 5′-ACATATTCAGATGCAGACAGAGGTTCTA-3′ | ||||
| Inner2 | 5′-GAAGGTGCTGTAGCAGGTGCTGGCTGT-3′ | ||||
| Francisella tularensis | peptidyl-prolyl trans isomerase and RNA helicase genes | Ft-M19 | 5′-CCAGTACAAACTCAATTTGGTTATCATC-3′ | [25] | |
| Ft-M19R | 5′-TAGTTTCAGAATTCATTTTTGTCCGTAA-3′ | ||||
| Rickettsia spp. | 16S rRNA gene | 16SF2 | 5′-ACGCTATCGGTATGCTTAACACAT-3′ | Present study | |
| 16SR2 | 5′-CAACTTACTAAACCGCCTACGCACT-3′ | ||||
| Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis | 16S rRNA gene | NEO-M140F | 5′-ATGGAATAGCTGTTAGAAATGAC-3′ | Present study | |
| NEO-630R | 5′-CTATCCTCTCTCGATCTCTAGTTT-3′ |