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. 2015 May 7;16:31. doi: 10.1186/s12868-015-0169-z

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© Cheng et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Stress increases plasma cytokines. Plasma (A) TNFα, (B) IL-10, (C) IL-13, (D) IL-17A, (E) IFN-γ, (F) MIP-1β, (G) IL-3, and (H) GM-CSF levels after inescapable foot shocks. Mice were acutely stressed with inescapable foot shocks once, or two times separated by 24 hr. Plasma was collected 1, 6, 12, and 24 hr after a single session of inescapable foot shocks, and 15 min, 1, 3, and 6 hr after two daily inescapable foot shock sessions. Plasma from three to four mice was pooled and cytokines were measured by multiplex. Values shown as 0 were below the detection limits.