TABLE 5.
Mean raw scores (higher scores indicate greater difficulty) and mean adjusted raw scores (controlling for ELAE) for the clinical groups obtained on the CCC-2 subscales by diagnostic group and multivariate analysis of variance results for the ASD and WS groups, covarying for ELAE.
| CCC–2 subscale | ASD (n = 20)a | WS (n = 21) | TYP (n = 19) | ASD vs. WS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A: Speech | ||||
| Raw M | 4.2 | 3.0 | 0.6 | |
| SD | 3.1 | 3.0 | 1.1 | |
| Range | 0–11 | 0–7 | 0–4 | |
| Adjusted M | 4.5 | 2.7 | ||
| F value | 3.0 | |||
| Significance | .09 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .07 | |||
| Observed power | .39 | |||
| B: Syntax | ||||
| Raw M | 5.9 | 5.1 | .6 | |
| SD | 3.0 | 3.5 | 1.0 | |
| Range | 1–14 | 1–14 | 0–3 | |
| Adjusted M | 6.0 | 5.0 | ||
| F value | 0.8 | |||
| Significance | .37 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .02 | |||
| Observed power | .15 | |||
| C: Semantics | ||||
| Raw M | 9.1 | 9.4 | 2.4 | |
| SD | 3.1 | 4.2 | 2.6 | |
| Range | 3–14 | 3–19 | 0–10 | |
| Adjusted M | 9.5 | 9.1 | ||
| F value | 0.13 | |||
| Significance | .72 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .00 | |||
| Observed power | .06 | |||
| D: Coherence | ||||
| Raw M | 11.0 | 8.3 | 1.2 | |
| SD | 3.7 | 3.1 | 1.7 | |
| Range | 5–18 | 4–14 | 0–5 | |
| Adjusted M | 11.2 | 8.1 | ||
| F value | 7.1 | |||
| Significance | .01 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .15 | |||
| Observed power | .74 | |||
| E: Inappropriate Initiation | ||||
| Raw M | 12.6 | 13.6 | 3.2 | |
| SD | 3.9 | 2.2 | 2.6 | |
| Range | 4–17 | 8–19 | 0–8 | |
| Adjusted M | 12.8 | 13.3 | ||
| F value | 0.2 | |||
| Significance | .66 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .01 | |||
| Observed power | .07 | |||
| F: Stereotyped Language | ||||
| Raw M | 8.8 | 6.4 | 1.0 | |
| SD | 3.0 | 2.5 | 1.1 | |
| Range | 3–14 | 2–12 | 0–3 | |
| Adjusted M | 9.3 | 6.0 | ||
| F value | 13.5 | |||
| Significance | .001 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .26 | |||
| Observed power | .95 | |||
| G: Use of Context | ||||
| Raw M | 12.2 | 11.0 | 2.1 | |
| SD | 4.2 | 3.5 | 1.7 | |
| Range | 6–19 | 5–17 | 0–5 | |
| Adjusted M | 12.7 | 10.5 | ||
| F value | 2.5 | |||
| Significance | .12 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .06 | |||
| Observed power | .35 | |||
| H: Nonverbal | ||||
| Raw M | 11.1 | 6.3 | 1.3 | |
| SD | 3.3 | 2.5 | 1.2 | |
| Range | 4–16 | 1–14 | 0–5 | |
| Adjusted M | 11.6 | 5.9 | ||
| F value | 35.1 | |||
| Significance | <.001 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .47 | |||
| Observed power | 1.0 | |||
| I: Social Relations | ||||
| Raw M | 10.2 | 5.6 | 1.0 | |
| SD | 3.7 | 2.9 | 1.1 | |
| Range | 2–16 | 0–11 | 0–5 | |
| Adjusted M | 10.4 | 5.4 | ||
| F value | 19.3 | |||
| Significance | <.001 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .33 | |||
| Observed power | .99 | |||
| J: Interests | ||||
| Raw M | 11.5 | 10.5 | 2.4 | |
| SD | 4.0 | 4.4 | 1.6 | |
| Range | 5–20 | 0–18 | 0–6 | |
| Adjusted M | 11.8 | 10.2 | ||
| F value | 1.1 | |||
| Significance | .31 | |||
| Effect size (η2) | .03 | |||
| Observed power | .17 | |||
a
One ASD participant’s CCC–2 data were removed as a function of extreme outlier CCC–2 summary scores.