Table 3.

Structural magnetic resonance imaging findings of adolescents with tetralogy of Fallot and referents.

Variable	TOF (n = 66)	Referent (n=75)	P value*
	n (%)
Any abnormality	28 (42)	6 (8)	<0.001
Focal or multifocal abnormality	24 (36)	1 (1)	<0.001
Focal infarction or atrophy	4 (6)	0	0.046
Brain mineralization/iron deposit	21 (32)	1 (1)	<0.001
Diffuse abnormality	2 (3)	1 (1)	0.60
Myelination delay	0	0	-
Ventriculogealy	1 (2)	0	0.47
Abnormal T2 hyperintensities	1 (2)	1 (1)	1.0
Generalized abnormality	1 (2)	0	0.47
Developmental abnormality	6 (9)	4 (5)	0.52
Major malformation†	1 (2)	0	0.47
Minor malformation‡	5 (8)	4 (5)	0.73

TOF = tetralogy of Fallot.

^*Determined by Fisher’s exact tests.

^†The major malformation is hypoplasia in the right cerebellar hemisphere and Dandy-Walker spectrum anomaly.

^‡Minor malformations include agenesis of the corpus and partial anterior absence of corpus callosum (no other findings of holoprosencephaly), arachnoid cyst, subependymal nodular heteropia (right parietal white matter), absent splenium of corpus callosum (not agenesis), and mildly dysmorphic ventricles in TOF group; and Chiari malformation and developmental venous anomaly in right parietal lobe in referent group.