Table 7.

Estimates recovered fitting full model to simulated trait values and derived variables under Model 3 (Complementary epistasis, no G × E)

	Simulated parameters		Estimated parameter values																	σ	r2
			Genetic main effects (G)								Environmental effects (E) and G × E
			Homozygous		Heterogygous		Epistatic				E	Homozygous		Heterozyous		Epistatic
			dA	dB	hA	hB	iAB	jAB	jBA	lAB	βm	βdA	βdB	βhA	βhB	βiAB	βjAB	βjBA	βlAB
			1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0.5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Data	Method
True latent trait	Normal errors	θ	0.989	0.959	1.023	1.028	1.017	1.024	1.019	1.009	0.501	0.002	0.008	−0.004	−0.006	−0.004	−0.003	−0.003	−0.002	1.006	0.806
		t	30.39	29.47	22.39	22.34	31.24	22.26	22.30	15.58	78.63	0.36	1.22	−0.43	−0.67	−0.55	−0.28	−0.30	−0.18	–	–
	Normal errors	θ	1.526	–	1.509	–	–	–	–	–	0.494	−0.003	–	−0.002	–	–	–	–	–	1.807	0.372
		t	36.91	–	25.95	–	–	–	–	–	60.97	−0.40	–	−0.17	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Normal errors	θ	1.001	0.998	1.004	0.998	0.999	1.012	1.006	0.997	0.496	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	1.006	0.806
		t	156.6	156.3	111.7	110.6	156.5	112.1	111.9	78.4	156.3	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Logistic regression	θ	2.964	0.428	0.538	0.627	4.287	4.487	6.934	6.840	0.623	0.332	−0.189	−0.206	0.201	0.102	0.070	0.605	0.611	–	–
		t	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.03	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.01	−0.01	−0.00	−0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.01	–	–
Equal item parameters	Sum score	θ	0.243	0.267	0.564	0.557	0.281	0.597	0.475	0.331	0.637	0.328	0.321	0.274	0.275	0.321	0.269	0.295	0.299	2.901	0.649
		t	2.59	2.85	4.28	4.20	3.00	4.51	3.60	1.78	34.60	17.80	17.44	17.80	17.44	17.45	10.35	11.44	8.17	–	–
	Square root transformation	θ	0.400	0.400	0.476	0.452	0.425	0.480	0.456	0.430	0.214	0.032	0.031	0.018	0.023	0.028	0.019	0.024	0.025	0.685	0.736
		t	18.01	18.03	15.27	14.42	19.16	15.30	14.63	9.75	49.18	7.29	7.12	3.01	3.67	6.36	3.06	3.94	2.86	–	–
Variable item parameters	Sum score	θ	1.860	1.911	1.847	1.946	1.977	2.001	1.908	1.934	0.900	0.015	0.003	0.017	−0.007	−0.014	−0.017	0.008	−0.002	2.418	0.725
		t	23.75	24.11	16.81	17.59	25.25	18.15	17.37	12.43	56.68	0.99	0.18	0.81	−0.33	−0.93	−0.77	0.37	−0.06	–	–
	Square root transformation	θ	0.394	0.411	0.394	0.409	0.420	0.427	0.405	0.416	0.175	−0.014	−0.017	−0.014	−0.018	−0.020	−0.021	−0.016	−0.018	0.429	0.703
		t	28.33	29.57	20.20	20.83	30.23	21.74	20.76	15.06	64.45	−5.13	−6.40	−3.74	−4.66	−7.44	−5.40	−4.18	−3.38	–	–

Estimates from fitting logistic regression to dichotomized sum scores are uninformative and not presented for this model