Fig. 3.

Spz is activated in senju¹ in the absence of immune challenge. (A) Schematic depiction of the extracellular Toll pathway. (B) Epistatic analysis of senju¹ and Toll activator mutants (PGRP-SA^seml, GNBP3^hades, psh¹, ModSP¹, grass^Harrade, SPE^SK6, and spz^rm7). Drs mRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR, normalized, and expressed relative to that in senju¹ (which was set at 1). **P < 0.01 (Student t test). (C) Expression of Drs mRNA in srp-Gal4 > UAS-necmyc; senju¹ larvae. (D) Immunoblot analysis of hemolymph from WT and senju¹ larvae using an anti-Spz C106 antibody. The image was taken in the same blotted membrane under the same conditions, and unnecessary lanes were removed.