Table 3.
Clinical characteristics of febrile patients by pathogen type
| Malaria | GAS | Respiratory virus | Other/unknown† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number/tested (%) | 14/268 (5.2%) | 8/354 (2.3%) | 117/282 (41.5%) | 102/275 (37.1%) |
| Children | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||
| Under 5 (%) | 8 (57.1%) | 3 (37.5%) | 77 (65.8%) | 64 (62.8%) |
| Over 5 (%) | 6 (42.9%) | 5 (62.5%) | 40 (34.2%) | 38 (37.3%) |
| Male | 7 (50%) | 1 (12.5%) | 57 (48.7%) | 51 (50%) |
| Temperature (mean, SD) | 38.8 (1.4) | 38.5 (0.49) | 38.3 (0.67) | 38.0 (0.50) |
| Other family members ill | 2 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 25 (21.4%)* | 7 (6.9%) |
| Clinical | ||||
| Pulse | 112.9 (27.9)* | 102.8 (13.5) | 103.1 (21.3) | 104.2 (25.0) |
| Respiratory rate | 34.7 (9.9) | 33.5 (9.95) | 34.5 (9.18) | 32.3 (11.4) |
| Tachypnea | 4 (28.6%) | 2 (25%) | 41 (35.0%)* | 15 (14.7%) |
| Hemoglobin | 10.3 (2.4) | 12.1 (2.6) | 11.7 (1.6) | 11.5 (1.59) |
| Anemia | ||||
| Severe | 2 (14.3%) | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (1.7%) | 1 (1.0%) |
| Moderate | 5 (35.7%) | 0 (0%) | 29 (24.8%) | 34 (33.3%) |
| Normal | 7 (50%) | 7 (87.5%) | 86 (73.5%) | 67 (65.7%) |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Diarrhea | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (11.1%) | 8 (7.8%) |
| Cough | 3 (21.3%) | 1 (12.5%) | 76 (65.0%)* | 40 (39.2%) |
| Unable to drink/breast-feed | 2 (14.3%)* | 0 (0%) | 9 (7.7%) | 7 (6.9%) |
| Nasal congestion | 0 (0%) | 2 (25.0%) | 10 (8.6%) | 11 (10.8%) |
| Vomiting | 4 (28.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 23 (19.7%) | 9 (8.8%) |
| Hospital diagnosis | ||||
| Malaria | 13 (92.9%) | 8 (100%) | 112 (95.7%) | 86 (84.3%) |
| ARI/URTI | 4 (28.6%) | 2 (25%) | 50 (42.7%) | 41 (40.2%) |
| Treatment | ||||
| Antimalarial | 12 (85.7%) | 7 (87.5%) | 93 (79.5%) | 76 (74.5%) |
| Antibiotic | 8 (50%) | 4 (50%) | 79 (61.5%) | 63 (55.9%) |
| Both | 6 (42.9%) | 3 (37.5%) | 57 (43.6%) | 44 (37.3%) |
| Hospitalization | ||||
| Admitted | 9 (64.3%)* | 3 (37.5%) | 26 (22.2%) | 14 (13.7%) |
| Days in hospital | 3.44 (1.51) | 3 (1.41) | 3.11 (0.90) | 3.7 (1.27) |
GAS = group A streptococcus.
*
P < 0.05.
†
Children only included in denominator of other/unknown if tested for all three pathogens.