Table 5.

Correlations between or subgroup means and Cronbach’s alphas for the APQ-S dimensions and regression variables

	Timeline chronic	Timeline cyclical	Consequence positive	Consequence negative	Emotional representations	Control positive	Control negative
Wellbeing	-.16***	-.36***	.21***	-.33***	-.29***	.27***	.10***
Physical functioning	-.34***	-.40***	-.01	-.49***	-.29***	.12***	.25***
Age	.31***	.18***	.02	.32***	.09**	-.04	-.22***
Gender
Female	3.28 (.92)**	2.87 (.90)	3.45 (.74)**	3.39 (.85)	2.49 (.87)	3.70 (.71)	2.37 (.76)***
Male	3.44 (.91)**	2.81 (.86)	3.33 (.78)**	3.37 (.81)	2.41 (.83)	3.73 (.69)	2.51 (.79)***
αFemale	.81	.77	.74	.80	.79	.70	.76
αMale	.81	.74	.75	.77	.78	.68	.75
Income
≤ €1000	3.47 (.93)	2.94 (.88)	3.41 (.79)	3.48 (.84)	2.64 (.97)*	3.62 (.71)	2.42 (.84)
> €1000	3.34 (.92)	2.83 (.88)	3.40 (.76)	3.37 (.83)	2.44 (.84)*	3.72 (.70)	2.43 (.77)
α≤ €1000	.79	.72	.70	.79	.81	.71	.77
α> €1000	.81	.76	.75	.79	.79	.69	.76
Education
≤ Elementary	3.45 (.94)**	2.89 (.93)	3.36 (.81)	3.45 (.86)*	2.58 (.93)***	3.68 (.78)	2.28 (.78)***
> Elementary	3.30 (.90)**	2.82 (.86)	3.42 (.73)	3.35 (.82)*	2.40 (.81)***	3.73 (.66)	2.50 (.76)***
α≤ Elementary	.81	.75	.72	.77	.79	.77	.76
α> Elementary	.81	.76	.75	.80	.79	.64	.75
Marital status
Single/widow	3.38 (.94)	2.91 (.91)***	3.43 (.76)	3.42 (.86)*	2.50 (.89)*	3.72 (.73)	2.36 (.77)***
Married/living together	3.30 (.88)	2.74 (.83)***	3.36 (.75)	3.32 (.78)*	2.39 (.80)*	3.69 (.67)	2.53 (.77)***
αSingle/widow	.82	.77	.73	.80	.79	.71	.74
αMarried/living together	.79	.73	.76	.77	.78	.66	.77
Ethnicity
Non-Dutch	3.33 (.97)	2.84 (.97)	3.41 (.86)	3.25 (.92)*	2.48 (.86)	3.70 (.84)	2.57 (.88)*
Dutch	3.35 (.91)	2.84 (.87)	3.40 (.74)	3.40 (.82)*	2.45 (.85)	3.71 (.68)	2.40 (.75)*
αNon-Dutch	.82	.83	.81	.81	.79	.75	.79
αDutch	.81	.74	.73	.79	.79	.67	.75

Note. ^* p ≤ .05; ^** p ≤ .01; ^*** p ≤ .001. Subgroup differences were calculated using independent sample t-tests.