Table 3.
EDCs and their NR targets.
| EDCs | NR targets | EC50 range | Lead compound | Nature |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mycoestrogens | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.01–1 nM | Zearalenone | Full agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.01–1 nM | Zearalenone | Partial agonist | |
| AR (NR3C4) | 1–10 μM | Zearalenone | Antagonist | |
| PXR (NR1I2) | 1–10 μM | Zearalenone | Full agonist | |
| Phytoestrogens | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.1–1 μM | Genistein | Full agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.01–0.1 μM | Genistein | Partial agonist | |
| Parabens | ERα (NR3A1) | 1–10 μM | Butyl paraben | Full agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 1–10 μM | Butyl paraben | Full agonist | |
| Benzophenones | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.1–1 μM | Benzophenone-2 | Full agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.1–1 μM | Benzophenone-2 | Full agonist | |
| AR (NR3C4) | 1–10 μM | THB | Antagonist | |
| Bisphenols | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.01–1 μM | BPA | Partial agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.01–1 μM | BPA | Partial agonist | |
| AR (NR3C4) | 0.01–1 μM | BPA | Antagonist | |
| ERRγ (NR3B3) | 0.001–0.1 μM | BPA | Agonist | |
| PXR (NR1I2) | 1–10 μM | BPA | Agonist | |
| Halogenated bisphenols | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.1–10 μM | TetrachloroBPA | Partial agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.1–10 μM | TetrachloroBPA | Partial agonist | |
| PPARγ (NR1C3) | 1–10 μM | TetrabromoBPA | Partial agonist | |
| TRα (NR1A1) | 1–10 μM | TetrabromoBPA | Antagonist | |
| TRβ (NR1A2) | 1–10 μM | TetrabromoBPA | Antagonist | |
| Alkylphenols | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.01–1 μM | 4-tert-Octylphenol | Agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.01–1 μM | 4-tert-Octylphenol | Partial agonist | |
| AR (NR3C4) | 1–10 μM | 4-tert-Octylphenol | Antagonist | |
| ERRγ (NR3B3) | 1–10 μM | 4-tert-Octylphenol | Antagonist | |
| PXR (NR1I2) | 1–10 μM | 4-tert-Octylphenol | Agonist | |
| Phthalates | ERα (NR3A1) | 1–10 μM | BBP | Agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 1–10 μM | BBP | Partial agonist | |
| PPARα (NR1C1) | 1–100 μM | MEHP | Agonist | |
| PPARγ (NR1C3) | 1–100 μM | MEHP | Agonist | |
| Perfluorinated compounds | PPARα (NR1C1) | 1–100 μM | PFOA | Agonist |
| PPARγ (NR1C3) | 1–100 μM | PFOA | Agonist | |
| Pesticides | ERα (NR3A1) | 0.1–10 μM | 2,4′-DDE | Agonist |
| ERβ (NR3A2) | 0.1–10 μM | 2,4′-DDE | Partial agonist | |
| AR (NR3C4) | 0.1–1 μM | M2 vinclozolin | Partial agonist | |
| PXR (NR1I2) | 0.1–10 μM | Pretilachlor | Agonist | |
| Organotins | PPARγ (NR1C3) | 1–10 nM | TBT | Partial agonist |
| RXRα (NR2B1) | 1–10 nM | TBT | Agonist | |
THB, trihydroxy-benzophenone; BPA, bisphenol A; BBP, benzyl butyl phthalate; MEHP, mono ethyl hexyl phthalate; PFOA, perfluorinated octanoic acid; DDE, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; TBT, tributyltin.