Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and psychological assessments
|
Total (n=22) N (%)* |
Persistent nonadherence (n=9) N (%)* |
Post-ACS adherence (n=13) N (%)* |
Test statistic |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic variables | |||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 63.9 (12.1) | 68.1 (10.5) | 60.9 (12.6) | t=1.40 | 0.17 |
| Male | 13 (59.1) | 4 (44.4) | 9 (69.2) | χ2=1.35 | 0.25 |
| White | 17 (77.3) | 7 (77.8) | 10 (76.9) | χ2=2.20 | 0.53 |
| Married | 15 (68.2) | 6 (66.7) | 9 (69.2) | χ2=0.21 | 0.90 |
|
| |||||
| Medical variables related to current admission | |||||
| MI admission diagnosis | 9 (40.9) | 4 (44.4) | 5 (38.5) | χ2=0.08 | 0.78 |
| Length of stay, mean (SD) | 3.1 (3.2) | 2 (0.9) | 3.9 (4.0) | t=1.41 | 0.17 |
| Prior ACS | 13 (59.1) | 6 (66.7) | 7 (53.8) | χ2=0.36 | 0.55 |
| Peak troponin, mean (SD) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.4) | t=0.002 | 0.99 |
| LVEF, mean (SD) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | 0.6 (0.1) | t=0.49 | 0.63 |
|
| |||||
| Medical history | |||||
| Charlson index, mean (SD) | 1.9 (1.04) | 2.6 (1.1) | 1.5 (0.8) | t=2.51 | 0.02 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 30.2 (5.3) | 31.5 (6.7) | 29.2 (3.9) | t=0.95 | 0.36 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (40.9) | 6 (66.7) | 3 (23.1) | χ2=4.18 | 0.04 |
| Current smoker | 1 (4.6) | 0 | 1 (7.7) | χ2=0.73 | 0.39 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 18 (81.8) | 7 (77.8) | 11 (84.6) | χ2=0.17 | 0.68 |
| Hypertension | 19 (86.4) | 9 (100) | 10 (76.9) | χ2=2.40 | 0.12 |
|
| |||||
| Medications at discharge | |||||
| ASA | 21 (95.4) | 9 (100) | 12 (92.3) | χ2=0.73 | 0.39 |
| Beta blocker | 21 (95.4) | 9 (100) | 12 (92.3) | χ2=0.73 | 0.39 |
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 12 (54.6) | 7 (77.8) | 5 (38.5) | χ2=3.32 | 0.07 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 13 (59.1) | 6 (66.7) | 7 (53.8) | χ2=0.36 | 0.55 |
| Statin | 21 (95.4) | 8 (88.9) | 13 (100) | χ2=1.51 | 0.22 |
|
| |||||
| Baseline scores (mean [SD]) | |||||
| MOS SAS Total (out of 18) | 10.6 (2.9) | 9.7 (2.4) | 11.2 (3.1) | t=1.27 | 0.22 |
| MOS SAS Exercise (out of 6) | 1.7 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.7) | 2 (0.9) | χ2=1.84 | 0.08 |
| MOS SAS Diet (out of 6) | 3.5 (1.8) | 2.8 (1.7) | 4 (1.7) | χ2=1.63 | 0.12 |
| MOS SAS Medications (out of 6) | 5.4 (1.4) | 5.6 (1.01) | 5.2 (1.6) | χ2=0.54 | 0.59 |
| LOT-R Total (out of 30) | 24.9 (6.5) | 21.2 (8.8) | 27.4 (2.3) | t=2.43 | 0.03 |
| LOT-R Optimism (out of 15) | 12.5 (3.8) | 10.2 (5.1) | 14 (1.2) | t=2.62 | 0.02 |
| LOT-R Pessimism (out of 15) | 12.4 (3.6) | 11 (4.7) | 13.4 (2.3) | t=1.60 | 0.12 |
| PANAS (out of 50) | 36.7 (9.2) | 30.6 (11) | 40.9 (4.3) | t=3.10 | 0.006 |
| HADS Total (out of 42) | 14.5 (8) | 18.1 (8.2) | 12.1 (7.2) | t=1.83 | 0.08 |
| HADS Anxiety (out of 21) | 9.3 (4.8) | 10.6 (4.4) | 8.4 (5) | t=1.04 | 0.31 |
| HADS Depression (out of 21) | 5.3 (4.3) | 7.6 (4.9) | 3.7 (3.2) | t=2.25 | 0.04 |
*
Unless otherwise noted.
Note. ACE Inhibitor/ARB=Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor / Angiotensin Receptor Blocker; ACS=Acute Coronary Syndrome; ASA=Aspirin; BMI=Body Mass Index; HADS=Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; LOT-R=Life Orientation Test Revised; LVEF=Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; MI=Myocardial Infarction; MOS SAS=Medical Outcomes Study Specific Adherence Scale; PANAS=Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; SD=Standard Deviation