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. 2015 Apr 27;2015:542862. doi: 10.1155/2015/542862

Table 2.

VPA C/D ratio in Case 1.

Day VPA dose (mg/day) Concentration (μg/mL) C/D ratio C/D ratio × 1000
Valproic acid concentrate (C/D ratio × 1000: mean ± SD = 151  ± 2.6, range = 10–21)
73 5250 54 0.010 10
144 5250 68 0.013 13
215 5250 68 0.013 13
295 5250 76 0.014 14
705 5250 59 0.011 11
986 5250 66 0.013 13
1196 5250 85 0.016 16
1266 5250 61 0.012 12
1406 5250 75 0.014 14
1756 5250 79 0.015 15
1886 5250 64 0.012 12
2027 5250 64 0.012 12
2388 5250 88 0.017 17
2528 5250 110 0.021 21
2609 5250 86 0.016 16
2809 5250 92 0.018 18
2879 5250 87 0.017 17
30110 5250 87 0.017 17
31910 5250 92 0.018 18
35010 5250 99 0.019 19
37811 5250 85 0.016 16
42012 5250 91 0.017 17
42712 5250 97 0.018 18
43412 5250 87 0.017 17
47012 5250 87 0.017 17
49813 5250 90 0.017 17
55213 5250 95 0.018 18
58213 5250 81 0.015 15
60913 5250 88 0.017 17
6377 5250 80 0.015 15
92814 5250 111 0.021 21
94515 5250 93 0.018 18
97816 5250 78 0.015 15
99817 5250 67 0.013 13
102618 5250 67 0.013 13
105419 5250 66 0.013 13
108219 5250 71 0.014 14
111019 5250 63 0.012 12
114520 5250 69 0.013 13
116621 5250 93 0.018 18
120222 5250 89 0.017 17
120823 5250 75 0.014 14
123624 5250 88 0.017 17
125125 5250 87 0.017 17
EC divalproex sodium (C/D ratio × 1000: mean ± SD = 391  ± 6.3, range = 28–48)
130625 5250 1452 0.028 28
132025 3750 135 0.036 36
133425 3000 127 0.042 42
137325 2500 120 0.048 48
134825 2000 73 0.037 37
136225 2000 82 0.041 41
137625 2000 78 0.039 39

C/D: concentration-to-dose; EC: enterocoated; VPA: valproic acid.

1According to an independent t-test calculated with equal variance not assumed, there was significant difference (t = −9.6; df = 6.3, p < 0.001) between these two means, 15 in VPA concentrate and 39 in divalproex sodium.

2This VPA concentration was measured 4 weeks after switching from VPA concentrate to divalproex sodium. With a high VPA concentration at that time, the patient showed increased drowsiness.

3Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 3 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, propranolol 80 mg/day, and quetiapine 700 mg/day.

4Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 3 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 5 mg/day, propranolol 80 mg/day, and quetiapine 500 mg/day.

5Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 3 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 5 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

6Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 5 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

7Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 5 mg/day, and propranolol 60 mg/day.

8Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 30 mg/day.

9Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 40 mg/day.

10Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 60 mg/day.

11Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 120 mg/day.

12Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clonidine 0.1 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 60 mg/day.

13Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 2.5 mg/day, and propranolol 60 mg/day.

14Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 25 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 10 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

15Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 300 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 10 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

16Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 600 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 10 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

17Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 400 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 10 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

18Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 700 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, olanzapine 10 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

19Other scheduled oral medications included benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 800 mg/day, gemfibrozil 1200 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

20Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 10 mg/day, benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 800 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

21Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 20 mg/day, benztropine 4 mg/day, clozapine 800 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

22Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 20 mg/day, clozapine 700 mg/day, docusate 250 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

23Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 20 mg/day, benztropine 0.5 mg/day, clozapine 700 mg/day, docusate 250 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

24Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 20 mg/day, benztropine 1 mg/day, clozapine 600 mg/day, docusate 250 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.

25Other scheduled oral medications included atorvastatin 20 mg/day, benztropine 1 mg/day, clozapine 700 mg/day, docusate 250 mg/day, and propranolol 80 mg/day.